Nj\u00eb prej shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb art\u00eb t\u00eb Islamit, dhe nj\u00eb prej m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjve t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebrave, edhe pse pak i njohur n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, ishte Abu Al-Rayhan Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1048). Ishte astronom, matematicien, fizikan, historian, gjeograf, udh\u00ebtar, gjeolog, kartograf, antropolog, astrolog, filozof, farmacist. Shkrimtar i spikatur, brenda jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij firmosi 146 vepra, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat 35 libra astronomie, 15 libra matematike (8 aritmetike, 5 gjeometrie, 2 trigonometrie), 23 libra astrologjie, 16 let\u00ebrsie, 10 topografie dhe kartografie, 4 libra q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkisnin astrolaborator\u00ebve, 9 libra gjeografie, 2 libra mjek\u00ebsie dhe farmacologjie, 4 libra historie, 3 libra feje dhe filozofie, dhe dy libra p\u00ebr veprimtarin\u00eb minerare. I p\u00ebrpir\u00eb nga kurioziteti, Al Biruni ka qen\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtar i palodhur dhe nj\u00eb poliglot shum\u00eb i aft\u00eb: fliste persishten, arabishten, sanskrinishten, greqishten e lasht\u00eb, dhe kishte nj\u00eb njohje edhe t\u00eb siriakes, hebraishtes dhe latinishtes.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb ikon\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e \u201cgjenis\u00eb universale\u201d pra, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin n\u00eb vetvete prototipin e studiuesit t\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb art\u00eb t\u00eb Islamit, aq sa ka marr\u00eb nofk\u00ebn Al Ustadh \u201cProfesori\u201d.<\/p>\n
I lindur n\u00eb Corasmia, nj\u00eb rajon i lasht\u00eb n\u00eb veriper\u00ebndim t\u00eb Persis\u00eb, sot n\u00eb Uzbekistan, n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00ebn kalifatin arabo-islamik t\u00eb Abasid\u00ebve, Al Biruni ishte nj\u00eb talent i hersh\u00ebm: kur ishte vet\u00ebm shtat\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vjec p\u00ebrllogariti lart\u00ebsin\u00eb e qytetit t\u00eb Kath duke u bazuar n\u00eb lart\u00ebsin\u00eb maksimale t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb arritur nga Dielli, n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 22 vjec publikoi nj\u00eb studim mbi projeksionin e hartave.<\/p>\n
Shum\u00eb shekuj p\u00ebrpara pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, ai p\u00ebrshkroi rrotullimin e Tok\u00ebs p\u00ebrreth boshtit t\u00eb saj, Rrug\u00ebn e Qum\u00ebshtit, b\u00ebri p\u00ebrllogaritje t\u00eb sakta t\u00eb gjat\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe gjer\u00ebsis\u00eb gjeografike, dhe si fizikan p\u00ebrcaktoi pesh\u00ebn specifike t\u00eb 18 element\u00ebve. P\u00ebrdori edhe algjebr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuluar ekuacione trigonometrik\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrdori astrolabion p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar k\u00ebndet.<\/p>\n
Por kontributi m\u00eb i njohur i shkenc\u00ebtarit pers p\u00ebr gjenin\u00eb universale ishte vepra e tij kolosale e matjes s\u00eb Tok\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Arriti n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb mas\u00eb rrezen e Tok\u00ebs 6339,6 kilometra, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar vler\u00ebsimin 6314,5 km t\u00eb kryer nga Eratosteni n\u00eb vitin 230 para Krishtit dhe duke qen\u00eb shum\u00eb pak larg vlerave t\u00eb sotme (6356,7 kilometra \u00ebsht\u00eb masa e rrezes polare) q\u00eb u realizuan n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim vet\u00ebm n\u00eb shekullin XVI, gjysm\u00eb mij\u00ebvjecari m\u00eb von\u00eb. E jasht\u00ebzakonshme ishte dhe m\u00ebnyra si e realizoi: pa instrumenta p\u00ebrllogarit\u00ebs, n\u00eb maj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb mali n\u00eb Indi.<\/p>\n
Ndryshe nga paraardh\u00ebsit e tij t\u00eb famsh\u00ebm, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Eratostenin, q\u00eb kishin matur perimetrin e Tok\u00ebs duke v\u00ebzhguar Diellin nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht nga dy vende t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, Al Biruni i hapi shkenc\u00ebs nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb re: zgjodhi n\u00eb fakt nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrllogaritjen trigonometrike t\u00eb k\u00ebndit drejt horizontit q\u00eb, bashk\u00eb me lart\u00ebsin\u00eb e malit, i mund\u00ebsoi t\u00eb p\u00ebrllogariste me sakt\u00ebsi p\u00ebrkul\u00ebsin\u00eb e Tok\u00ebs. Gj\u00eb q\u00eb i mund\u00ebsoi si pasoj\u00eb t\u00eb maste perimetrin dhe rrezen e saj.<\/p>\n
Entuziasmi i tij p\u00ebr shkenc\u00ebn sintetizohet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shprehje t\u00eb famshme, q\u00eb i p\u00eblqente ta p\u00ebrs\u00ebriste shpesh: \u201cAllahu \u00ebsht\u00eb i gjith\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm dhe nuk e justifikon injoranc\u00ebn\u201d. Pik\u00ebrisht si\u00e7 i ndodhi Arkimedit, p\u00ebr nder t\u00eb tij, disa shekuj pas lindjes, emrin e tij e kan\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb asteroid (9936 Al Biruni) dhe krateri Al Biruni q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb Mare Marginis n\u00eb H\u00ebn\u00eb. \/ bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nj\u00eb prej shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb art\u00eb t\u00eb Islamit, dhe nj\u00eb prej m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjve t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebrave, edhe pse pak i njohur n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, ishte Abu Al-Rayhan Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1048). Ishte astronom, matematicien, fizikan, historian, gjeograf, udh\u00ebtar, gjeolog, kartograf, antropolog, astrolog, filozof, farmacist. Shkrimtar i spikatur, brenda jet\u00ebs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5912,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n