{"id":3063,"date":"2019-03-02T19:52:23","date_gmt":"2019-03-02T18:52:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=3063"},"modified":"2019-03-02T19:52:23","modified_gmt":"2019-03-02T18:52:23","slug":"peshqit-e-medhenj-po-hane-te-vegjlit-si-po-ndryshon-struktura-e-ekonomise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=3063","title":{"rendered":"Peshqit e m\u00ebdhenj po \u201chan\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb vegjlit, si po ndryshon struktura e ekonomis\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ekonomia shqiptare po e ndryshon gradualisht struktur\u00ebn e saj, teksa t\u00eb vegjlit po bien dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb po fuqizohen. Normat e fitimit po bien n\u00eb nj\u00eb tregues t\u00eb shtimit t\u00eb konkurrenc\u00ebs, maturimit t\u00eb shum\u00eb sektor\u00ebve dhe ng\u00ebr\u00e7it t\u00eb konsumit. Ekonomia gjeneron pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb saj nga tregtia dhe ka pak sinjale se ajo po orientohet drejt sektor\u00ebve me vler\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar. R\u00ebnia e t\u00eb vegj\u00eblve po rrezikon nj\u00eb segment q\u00eb ka pasur rreth 30% t\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb ekonomi. Mungojn\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjet e m\u00ebdha, nd\u00ebrsa produktiviteti i ekonomis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i ul\u00ebt<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mikrond\u00ebrmarrjet kan\u00eb qen\u00eb zemra e ekonomis\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb epok\u00ebn e pas viteve \u201890. Pa ndonj\u00eb strategji dhe duke shkat\u00ebrruar pothuajse \u00e7do trash\u00ebgimi nga e kaluara, hapja e bizneseve t\u00eb vogla n\u00eb tregti e sh\u00ebrbime ishte modeli ku u vetorientua ekonomia vendase. Nj\u00eb model q\u00eb kishte pak lidhje me vler\u00ebn e shtuar, produktivitetin, prodhimin e produkteve p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ne mund t\u00eb kishim avantazh konkurrues etj., por q\u00eb i sh\u00ebrbeu t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsimit. Shqip\u00ebria, rezulton nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr vendet me norm\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsimit n\u00eb bot\u00eb, ku rreth 30% e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve e kan\u00eb siguruar vet\u00eb jetes\u00ebn n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet mikrond\u00ebrmarrjeve.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit, struktura e ekonomis\u00eb po ndryshon. Hapja e qendrave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha tregtare dhe e rrjeteve t\u00eb supermarketeve po nxjerr jasht\u00eb loje bizneset e vogla. Kjo u b\u00eb m\u00eb e dukshme n\u00eb vitin 2017, ku t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Anket\u00ebs Strukturore t\u00eb Nd\u00ebrmarrjeve t\u00eb INSTAT tregojn\u00eb se nd\u00ebrmarrjet mikro me 1 deri n\u00eb 9 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 94% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb bizneseve n\u00eb vend, u reduktuan n\u00eb num\u00ebr, ul\u00ebn shitjet, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit dhe vler\u00ebn e shtuar n\u00eb krahasim me vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

E kund\u00ebrt ka qen\u00eb tendenca p\u00ebr Nd\u00ebrmarrjet e Vogla (10-49 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar), Nd\u00ebrmarrjet e Mesme (50-249 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar) dhe Nd\u00ebrmarrjet e M\u00ebdha (250+ t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar), t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb par\u00eb rritje t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve, shitjeve dhe vler\u00ebs s\u00eb shtuar. N\u00eb total, ekonomia n\u00eb 2017-n gjeneroi shitje prej 2 trilion\u00eb lek\u00ebsh, ose gati 16 miliard\u00eb euro, me nj\u00eb rritje prej 8.3% me baz\u00eb vjetore. Ndikimin kryesor n\u00eb rritjen e shitjeve e dhan\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjet e konsideruara t\u00eb vogla, me 10-49 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar, t\u00eb cilat raportuan nj\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb shitjeve me 18%. Nd\u00ebrmarrjet e mesme i zgjeruan shitjet me 17% dhe ato t\u00eb m\u00ebdha me 11%. Nd\u00ebrsa shitjet e mikrond\u00ebrmarrjeve ran\u00eb me 13%.<\/p>\n

Por mikrond\u00ebrmarrjet, q\u00eb po e vuajn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb presionin e konkurrenc\u00ebs q\u00eb po u vjen nga t\u00eb m\u00ebdhat\u00eb, mbeten pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb vend, me rreth 40% t\u00eb totalit, nd\u00ebrsa gjenerojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm 20% t\u00eb shitjeve. R\u00ebnia e tyre rrezikon t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb jasht\u00eb tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs nj\u00eb kategori t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuarish n\u00eb mosh\u00eb t\u00eb mesme, q\u00eb do ta ken\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb integrohen n\u00eb tregun e riformatuar t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e INSTAT tregojn\u00eb ne numri i t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb vend n\u00eb fund t\u00eb 2017-s arriti n\u00eb rreth 105 mij\u00eb persona, duke p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb 21% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve, niveli m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt i dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit. N\u00eb vitin 2015, kur numri i t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00eb\u00ebsuarve arriti n\u00eb rekordin e 125 mij\u00eb personave, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb presionit t\u00eb aksionit t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr antiinformalitet, q\u00eb detyroi shum\u00eb ambulant\u00eb t\u00eb regjistroheshin. Por, n\u00eb dy vitet n\u00eb vijim, ata dol\u00ebn s\u00ebrish nga tregu, n\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal se informaliteti ka qen\u00eb avantazhi i vet\u00ebm i tyre konkurrues. T\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuarit jan\u00eb kryesisht n\u00eb sektorin e tregtis\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve, aktivitete q\u00eb kan\u00eb par\u00eb dhe r\u00ebnien m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb personave q\u00eb e siguronin vet\u00eb jetes\u00ebn.\"\"<\/p>\n

E nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb vegjlit po bien dhe nuk po arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb mbijetojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb treg me konkurrenc\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar, Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb i mungojn\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrjet e m\u00ebdha, q\u00eb do t\u00eb kompensonin humbjen e vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs nga mikrond\u00ebrmarrjet. Vendi kishte n\u00eb 2017-n, vet\u00ebm 166 nd\u00ebrmarrje me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 250 punonj\u00ebs. N\u00eb nj\u00eb zhvillim pozitiv numri u tyre u shtua me 14 n\u00eb nj\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr krahasim, n\u00eb shtetin fqinj\u00eb, Maqedoni, me nj\u00eb ekonomi pak m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl sesa ton\u00eb, ka 236 nd\u00ebrmarrje me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 250 punonj\u00ebs, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e industris\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuese. M\u00eb i lart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe numri i bizneseve me mbi 10 punonj\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa Shqip\u00ebria mban rekord p\u00ebr mikrond\u00ebrmarrjet (shih tabel\u00ebn: Numri i nd\u00ebrmarrjeve, sipas madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve).<\/p>\n

Mbizot\u00ebrimi i mikrond\u00ebrmarjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb nga faktor\u00ebt q\u00eb ul produktivitetin n\u00eb ekonomi, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00eb pak konkurruese me tregjet rajonale e europiane. Shitjet neto p\u00ebr t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar ishin 1.5 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb 2017-n p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmarrjet me 1-4 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar, nga 5-7 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmarrjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb mbi 10 punonj\u00ebs, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuara nga shifrat e INSTAT p\u00ebr qarkullimin vjetor sipas madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjes.<\/p>\n

\"\"T\u00eb varur nga tregtia<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rreth 47% e t\u00eb ardhurave nga shitjet n\u00eb ekonomi gjenerohen nga sektori i tregtis\u00eb me shumic\u00eb dhe pakic\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb INSTAT p\u00ebr 2017-n. Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb importuese neto p\u00ebr pothuajse gjith\u00e7ka, madje edhe p\u00ebr produkte bujq\u00ebsore, ndon\u00ebse ky sektor gjeneron rreth 20% t\u00eb prodhimit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm bruto t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n

Tregtia qarkulloi rreth 7.4 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura n\u00eb 2017-n, me rritje gati 5% me baz\u00eb vjetore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimi, me 12% t\u00eb totalit, nj\u00eb sektor mjaft i preferuar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kthimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb q\u00eb ai ka dhe hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb shumta q\u00eb ka pasur n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim, n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb plani afatgjat\u00eb rregullues, sidomos n\u00eb bregdet e kryeqytet. N\u00eb 2017-n, shitjet nga ky sektor gjeneruan 1.9 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura, me rritje gati 13% me baz\u00eb vjetore.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb INSTAT p\u00ebr vitin 2016 tregojn\u00eb se 74.3% e investimeve t\u00eb brendshme n\u00eb ekonomi shkuan pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb sektorin e nd\u00ebrtimit, m\u00eb e larta nga vendet e rajonit dhe Europa. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuara nga \u201cMonitor\u201d nga institutet statistikore t\u00eb rajonit, edhe n\u00eb Maqedoni, nd\u00ebrtimi merr rreth 63% t\u00eb investimeve. N\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi dhe Serbi, nd\u00ebrtimi z\u00eb rreth gjysm\u00ebn e investimeve t\u00eb brendshme. Kanalizimi i fondeve t\u00eb lira, kryesisht n\u00eb banesa, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb vendi yn\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb pesh\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb Prodhimin e Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Me gati 11% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb, nd\u00ebrtimi q\u00ebndron gati 3 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje m\u00eb lart nga ndjek\u00ebsi m\u00eb i af\u00ebrt, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Maqedonia. Mali i Zi, Serbia dhe Bosnja kan\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb frenuar n\u00eb zhvillimin e k\u00ebtij sektori, q\u00eb z\u00eb mesatarisht 4-6% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb. N\u00eb vendet e Bashkimit Europian, nd\u00ebrtimi, i maturuar prej vitesh, z\u00eb rreth 5.3% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Investimi n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e qarkullimit t\u00eb parave dhe hapjen e vendeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, por q\u00eb n\u00eb afat t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nuk i jep vler\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar ekonomis\u00eb, teksa nuk ndikon n\u00eb rritjen e produktivitetit dhe konkurrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, duke shkuar n\u00eb linj\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt me at\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb rekomanduar ekspert\u00ebt dhe institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb tret\u00eb renditet industria p\u00ebrpunuese, q\u00eb gjeneron po gati 12% t\u00eb shitjeve n\u00eb ekonomi, e ndjekur nga sh\u00ebrbimet (10%), transportet e komunikacioni (7.3%), energjia, gazi dhe uji (rreth 6%).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb renditjen e 200 kompanive m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha sipas qarkullimit vjetor, nj\u00eb publikim i p\u00ebrvitsh\u00ebm i Monitor, mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb kompanit\u00eb q\u00eb shesin e rishesin naft\u00eb, duke rritur artificialisht xhiron, ka pa fund biznese tregtare q\u00eb kanalizojn\u00eb importet pran\u00eb konsumatorit lokal, nd\u00ebrsa industria p\u00ebrpunuese sa vjen e po zbret gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb renditje. P\u00ebr kompani t\u00eb reja, as q\u00eb b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb. Ecuria dhe struktura sipas aktiviteteve e 200 m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhave \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb indikator i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb ekonomi., pasi ato qarkulluan 7.3 miliard\u00eb euro, ose rreth 63% t\u00eb Prodhimit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto.\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb 2017-n tendenca ishte e dukshme p\u00ebr rritjen e kompanive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit. Si asnj\u00ebher\u00eb tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb renditjen e 200 m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjve kishte 32 kompani nd\u00ebrtimi, ose t\u00eb lidhura me k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor. P\u00ebr krahasim, n\u00eb vitin 2012 kishte 16 sip\u00ebrmarrje nd\u00ebrtimi dhe n\u00eb 2014-n numri i tyre ishte 17, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e t\u00eb cilave ishin n\u00eb segmentin e infrastruktur\u00ebs rrugore.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr krahasim, n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb fqinje, nga tregtia vijn\u00eb rreth 41.5% e t\u00eb ardhurave, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga Zyra Statistikore e Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb industria p\u00ebrpunuese, shum\u00eb m\u00eb e zhvilluar se n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, q\u00eb siguron 27% t\u00eb shitjeve n\u00eb ekonomi (n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri pesha e k\u00ebtij sektori \u00ebsht\u00eb 12%). Transporti, informacioni dhe komunikacioni \u00ebsht\u00eb i treti, me 9% t\u00eb shitjeve.<\/p>\n

\"\"Sektor\u00ebt q\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb total, sip\u00ebrmarrjet n\u00eb vend kishin rreth 504 mij\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00eb 2017-n, me nj\u00eb rritje prej 7.3% me baz\u00eb vjetore. N\u00eb total, ekonomis\u00eb i jan\u00eb shtuar neto (duke hequr personat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb pension, ose jan\u00eb larguar nga vendi) rreth 34 mij\u00eb persona.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb tregtin\u00eb me pakic\u00eb rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar rreth 67 mij\u00eb persona, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb sektori q\u00eb ka hapur numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ose rreth 13% e totalit. N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuar, q\u00eb kan\u00eb hapur nj\u00eb dyqan t\u00eb vog\u00ebl dhe sigurojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura minimale.<\/p>\n

Sektori i dyt\u00eb m\u00eb i madh pun\u00ebsues n\u00eb vend jan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet, me rreth 65 mij\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar. N\u00eb krahasim me 7 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor jan\u00eb 5 fishuar. Ndikimin kryesor e ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb zhvillimi i Biznesit t\u00eb n\u00ebnkontraktimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve (BPO), ku pjes\u00ebn kryesore e z\u00ebn\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrjet e call center, t\u00eb cilat mor\u00ebn hov vitet e fundit, duke shfryt\u00ebzuar avantazhin e krahut t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore dhe njohurive t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb huaja, sidomos ato italiane.<\/p>\n

Akomodimi dhe sh\u00ebrbimi ushqimor \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb tret\u00eb, me rreth 54 mij\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar. Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga vendet q\u00eb ka numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb bareve e restoranteve p\u00ebr banor\u00eb, duke u krahasuar vet\u00ebm me Spanj\u00ebn. Sipas INSTAT, n\u00eb 2017-n, kishte gjithsej n\u00eb vend mbi 18 mij\u00eb bare e restorante, me nj\u00eb kapacitet total prej rreth 600 mij\u00eb vendesh, me nj\u00eb kapacitet sa nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta e popullsis\u00eb! Krahas tregtis\u00eb, baret e lokalet jan\u00eb biznesi m\u00eb i p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb vend, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb burimi kryesor i pun\u00ebsimit e vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsimit.<\/p>\n

Tregtia me shumic\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aktivitet ku sigurojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat rreth 50 mij\u00eb persona. N\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim punojn\u00eb rreth 43 mij\u00eb persona. Tekstilet dhe k\u00ebpuc\u00ebt, eksportuesi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb vend, q\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzon krahun e lir\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, teksa pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e tyre paguhen me paga minimale, pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku rreth 52 mij\u00eb persona. Nd\u00ebrsa industria nxjerr\u00ebse pun\u00ebson n\u00eb total rreth 11 mij\u00eb persona.<\/p>\n

Bien normat e fitimit\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00eb b\u00ebsh biznes fitimprur\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, sa vjen e po b\u00ebhet m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, me konkurrenc\u00ebn q\u00eb shtohet, sektor\u00ebt q\u00eb maturohen, konsumin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i tkurrur, nd\u00ebrsa rritja e pagave ka qen\u00eb minimale vitet e fundit. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Anket\u00ebs Strukturore t\u00eb INSTAT tregojn\u00eb se 107 mij\u00eb bizneset q\u00eb jan\u00eb aktive n\u00eb vend fituan n\u00eb total neto (pas taksave) 159 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb, ose rreth 1.2 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2017. N\u00eb raport me vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, fitimet n\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb me 3.2%.<\/p>\n

Nga tet\u00eb sektor\u00eb kryesor\u00eb q\u00eb i grupon INSTAT, gjasht\u00eb prej tyre kan\u00eb par\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb fitimeve n\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute, konkretisht \u201ctransporti dhe telekomunikacionet\u201d, \u201cnd\u00ebrtimi\u201d, \u201cenergjia elektrike, gazi dhe uji\u201d, \u201csh\u00ebrbimet\u201d, \u201cakomodimi dhe sh\u00ebrbimi ushqimor\u201d dhe \u201ctregtia\u201d. Rritje t\u00eb fitimeve raportuan vet\u00ebm \u201cindustria nxjerr\u00ebse\u201d dhe \u201cindustria p\u00ebrpunuese\u201d. R\u00ebnien m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb fitimeve n\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute e raportoi sektori i \u201cTransporti, informacioni dhe komunikacioni\u201d (-4.6 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb), si rrjedhoj\u00eb e ecuris\u00eb negative t\u00eb operator\u00ebve celular\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt deklaruan t\u00eb gjith\u00eb humbje n\u00eb 2017-n (shih n\u00ebn\u00e7\u00ebshtjen n\u00eb vijim p\u00ebr operator\u00ebt celular\u00eb).<\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas vjen \u201cEnergji elektrike, gazi, uji dhe trajtimi i mbetjeve\u201d (-3.6 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb), si rrjedhoj\u00eb e nj\u00eb viti t\u00eb that\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsoi treguesit e operator\u00ebve t\u00eb sistemit energjetik (shih n\u00ebn\u00e7\u00ebshtjen p\u00ebr energjin\u00eb). R\u00ebnie t\u00eb fitimeve prej 3.2 miliard\u00eb lek\u00ebsh raportoi dhe nd\u00ebrtimi dhe tregtia me -1.7 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb. Ndon\u00ebse t\u00eb ardhurat e kompanive nga shitjet jan\u00eb rritur me 8.3%, duke arritur n\u00eb rreth 2 trilion\u00eb lek\u00eb, apo 16 miliard\u00eb euro, kjo nuk i ka ndihmuar bizneset q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb para t\u00eb mbetura n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit, pasi shpenzimet, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato p\u00ebr personelin, mallrat e blera dhe t\u00eb tjera, jan\u00eb rritur me ritme m\u00eb t\u00eb larta, prej gati 13%.<\/p>\n

Kjo ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb norma e fitimit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb t\u00eb bjer\u00eb n\u00eb 8.7%, nga 7.8% q\u00eb ishte vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7do 100 lek\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura n\u00eb ekonomi, 7.8 lek\u00eb shkojn\u00eb si fitim neto n\u00eb duart e bizneseve, q\u00eb operojn\u00eb n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

\"\"R\u00ebnia e telekomunikacioneve<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vitet e arta, kur dy operator\u00ebt e m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb telefonis\u00eb celulare rezultonin me fitime t\u00eb larta dhe norm\u00eb p\u00ebrfitueshm\u00ebrie mbi 50% jan\u00eb tashm\u00eb shum\u00eb larg (n\u00eb vitin 2008, m\u00eb i miri historik, fitimet e Telecom Albania dhe Vodafone arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb 200 milion\u00eb euro s\u00eb bashku).<\/p>\n

Prej dy vitesh, operator\u00ebt po thellojn\u00eb humbjet, duke reflektuar modelin e ri ku po orientohet sektori, si rrjedhoj\u00eb e r\u00ebnies s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave nga sh\u00ebrbimet zanore (voice) dhe konkurrenc\u00ebs q\u00eb po vjen nga teknologjia (p\u00ebrdorimi i internetit po ul ndjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ardhurat nga interkoneksioni).<\/p>\n

Vodafone Albania, operatori m\u00eb i madh sipas t\u00eb ardhurave, me qarkullim vjetor prej 16.3 miliard\u00eb lek\u00ebsh, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb bilanc, ka deklaruar humbje neto kontab\u00ebl para tatimit prej 792 milion\u00eb lek\u00ebsh, nga 173.5 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb (humbje) vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Ulja e fitimit erdhi pasi kompania ka sh\u00ebnuar rritje m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb kostos s\u00eb shitjes, sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe shpenzimeve t\u00eb tjera, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb ardhurat ran\u00eb me 3.4%. Megjithat\u00eb, Vodafone ka paguar 252 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb tatimfitim, si rrjedhoj\u00eb e shpenzimeve t\u00eb larta t\u00eb pazbritura fiskalisht (si p.sh., pritje e dhurata, qira p\u00ebr punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb huaj, provigjione, nxjerrje e aktiveve jasht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit, etj.).<\/p>\n

Edhe p\u00ebr Telecom Albania, dikur nj\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb me norm\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb fitimi n\u00eb vend, koh\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb aq t\u00eb mira. Telecom, q\u00eb kishte t\u00eb ardhura 9.1 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb, raportoi humbje tep\u00ebr t\u00eb larta 4.8 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb (m\u00eb se gjysma e t\u00eb ardhurave) n\u00eb 2017-n, pas fitimeve minimale prej 155 milion\u00eb lek\u00ebsh n\u00eb 2016-n.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimi i rezultatit financiar ka ardhur si rrjedhoj\u00eb e r\u00ebnies s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave me 14%, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb kosto e shitjes dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb ofruara u rrit me 30%, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb kompania t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb me nj\u00eb humbje bruto (p\u00ebrpara shpenzimeve administrative) prej 815 milion\u00eb lek\u00ebsh, nga 2.9 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb q\u00eb ishin fitimet bruto vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. Rezultatet e p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsuara financiare kan\u00eb nxitur kompanin\u00eb m\u00ebm\u00eb, gjerman\u00ebt e Deutsche Telekom, t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb negociatat p\u00ebr shitjen e filialit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n

Energjia u godit nga that\u00ebsira<\/strong><\/p>\n

Operatori i Shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb Energjis\u00eb Elektrike (OSHEE) raportoi r\u00ebnie t\u00eb fitimeve me 84%, n\u00eb 3.4 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb 2017-n, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb situate mjaft t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb hidrike, si pasoj\u00eb e that\u00ebsir\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb 20 viteve t\u00eb fundit. \u201cShqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vend me var\u00ebsi t\u00eb theksuar nga burimet hidrike dhe OSHEE-ja e vuajti k\u00ebt\u00eb var\u00ebsi gjat\u00eb vitit 2017, \u00e7ka e detyroi ta siguronte energjin\u00eb jo nga burimet e vendit, si KESH apo HEC-et private, por nga importi me \u00e7mime shum\u00eb t\u00eb larta (gati dyfish) krahasuar me vitet e m\u00ebparshme.<\/p>\n

Kjo that\u00ebsir\u00eb i shkaktoi OSHEE-s\u00eb impakt negativ me mbi 100 milion\u00eb euro n\u00eb financat e saj\u201d, pohoi administratori i OSHEE, Adrian \u00c7ela.<\/p>\n

Korporata Elektroenergjetike Shqiptare (KESH) raportoi ulje t\u00eb fitimeve nga 1.8 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb 2016-n n\u00eb 506 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb, si rezultat i that\u00ebsir\u00ebs q\u00eb solli r\u00ebnie t\u00eb ndjeshme t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave. Ecuri m\u00eb pozitive kishte Operatori i Sistem Transmetimit, q\u00eb raportoi fitime prej 1.3 miliard\u00eb lek\u00ebsh, para taksave, me rritje 15% me baz\u00eb vjetore.<\/p>\n

Tregtia dhe sh\u00ebrbimet sjellin 61% t\u00eb fitimeve n\u00eb ekonomi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e shqiptar\u00ebve jetojn\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhurat q\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb nga zanati i vjet\u00ebr i shitblerjes dhe nga sh\u00ebrbimet e akomodimi (kryesisht baret e restorantet). N\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute, fitimet nga tregtia ishin rreth 510 milion\u00eb euro, dhe ato nga sh\u00ebrbimet dhe nga akomodimet rreth 240 milion\u00eb euro. N\u00eb total nga tregtia dhe baret-restorantet, q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb \u00e7do cep dhe hoteleria, gjenerohen rreth 61% e totalit t\u00eb fitimeve n\u00eb ekonomi. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me numrin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjeve q\u00eb operojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor, rreth 45 mij\u00eb n\u00eb tregti dhe 20 mij\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime, q\u00eb s\u00eb bashku p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 60% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjeve n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas renditet nd\u00ebrtimi, q\u00eb u ka sjell\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuesve rreth 180 milion\u00eb euro fitime n\u00eb 2017-n, i ndjekur nga industria p\u00ebrpunuese (154 mln euro), Transporti, informacioni dhe komunikacioni (70 mln euro), Industria nxjerr\u00ebse (45 mln euro).\"\"<\/p>\n

Sektor\u00ebt m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebrbimet rezultojn\u00eb sektori m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebs n\u00eb ekonomi, ku 14% e t\u00eb ardhurave mbetet n\u00eb fund si fitim neto. N\u00eb krahasim me 2016-n, norma e fitimit ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 4 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje. Nd\u00ebrtimi renditet n\u00eb vend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, me norm\u00eb kthimi prej 9.3%, edhe ky me r\u00ebnie n\u00eb raport me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb. Industria p\u00ebrpunuese kthen si fitime 8.1% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave.<\/p>\n

Pas humbjeve t\u00eb vazhdueshme, industria nxjerr\u00ebse raportoi norm\u00eb fitimi prej gati 8%, duke qen\u00eb sektori me ecurin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitueshm\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb 2017-n. Nga tregtia, nga e cila e sigurojn\u00eb jetes\u00ebn pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e shqiptar\u00ebve, normat e fitimit kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb 6.8%.<\/p>\n

Baret dhe restorantet (akomodimi dhe sh\u00ebrbimi ushqimor) nuk po rezultojn\u00eb m\u00eb aq fitimprur\u00ebs. P\u00ebr \u00e7do 100 lek\u00eb t\u00eb gjeneruara, n\u00eb 2017-n fitohej vet\u00ebm 6.6 lek\u00eb, nga gati 12 lek\u00eb vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Ornela Liperi\/ Monitor<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ekonomia shqiptare po e ndryshon gradualisht struktur\u00ebn e saj, teksa t\u00eb vegjlit po bien dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb po fuqizohen. Normat e fitimit po bien n\u00eb nj\u00eb tregues t\u00eb shtimit t\u00eb konkurrenc\u00ebs, maturimit t\u00eb shum\u00eb sektor\u00ebve dhe ng\u00ebr\u00e7it t\u00eb konsumit. Ekonomia gjeneron pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb saj nga tregtia dhe ka pak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,8,3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nPeshqit e m\u00ebdhenj po \u201chan\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb vegjlit, si po ndryshon struktura e ekonomis\u00eb - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=3063\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Peshqit e m\u00ebdhenj po \u201chan\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb vegjlit, si po ndryshon struktura e ekonomis\u00eb - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ekonomia shqiptare po e ndryshon gradualisht struktur\u00ebn e saj, teksa t\u00eb vegjlit po bien dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb po fuqizohen. Normat e fitimit po bien n\u00eb nj\u00eb tregues t\u00eb shtimit t\u00eb konkurrenc\u00ebs, maturimit t\u00eb shum\u00eb sektor\u00ebve dhe ng\u00ebr\u00e7it t\u00eb konsumit. 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