{"id":23356,"date":"2020-07-07T18:35:06","date_gmt":"2020-07-07T16:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=23356"},"modified":"2020-07-07T18:35:06","modified_gmt":"2020-07-07T16:35:06","slug":"ana-e-panjohur-pergatitja-politike-e-deklarates-kushtetuese-te-2-korrikut-1990-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=23356","title":{"rendered":"Ana e panjohur: P\u00ebrgatitja politike e Deklarat\u00ebs Kushtetuese t\u00eb 2 korrikut 1990 (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nga Blerim Shala<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00ebto dit\u00eb u sh\u00ebnua 30 vjetori nga Deklarata Kushtetuese e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, e shpallur me 2 korrik, t\u00eb vitit 1990.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmes k\u00ebsaj Deklarate Kushtetuese, t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahur dhe n\u00ebnshkruar nga 115 delegat\u00ebt e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, Kosova shpallej nj\u00ebsi e barabart\u00eb n\u00eb Jugosllavin\u00eb\u00a0 (e at\u00ebhershme), q\u00eb kishte dometh\u00ebnien q\u00eb Kosova b\u00ebhej Republik\u00eb n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn Federative t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, me k\u00ebt\u00eb Deklarat\u00eb Kushtetuese b\u00ebhej anulimi i vendimit t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, i dat\u00ebs 23 mars t\u00eb vitit 1989, p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit, Kosova pati humbur autonomin\u00eb politike.<\/p>\n

Si r\u00ebndom n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste kur ndodh\u00eb nj\u00eb rikujtim publik i nj\u00eb ngjarje madhore (nj\u00ebr\u00ebs prej m\u00eb kryesoreve) n\u00eb historin\u00eb e re t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, na u rikthyen, me deklarata, biseda dhe intervista, me rr\u00ebfime emocionale, kryeprotagonist\u00ebt\u00a0 (delegat\u00ebt) e atyre pamjeve t\u00eb paharrueshme n\u00eb hyrjen e godin\u00ebs s\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb 2 korrikut t\u00eb vitit 1990-t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

S\u00ebrish u fol p\u00ebr detalet e shumta t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kall\u00ebzim t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm historik dhe politik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, as k\u00ebsaj here, dhe as n\u00eb ato ngjarjet e viteve t\u00eb kaluara t\u00eb rishfaqjes s\u00eb 2 korrikut n\u00eb sken\u00ebn politike t\u00eb vendit, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb folur fare p\u00ebr at\u00eb kontekstin e gjer\u00eb politik, t\u00eb pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1990-t\u00eb, i cili e b\u00ebri t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm nj\u00eb akt dhe nj\u00eb veprim t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb t\u00eb Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij viti\u00a0 (1990-t\u00eb), n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb e kishim nj\u00eb situat\u00eb goxha paradoksale, kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr zhvillimet politike n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk kishte m\u00eb Lidhje Komuniste t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0 (si deg\u00eb t\u00eb LKJ-s\u00eb, Lidhjes Komuniste t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb), teksa kjo parti ende, kudo n\u00eb ish-RSFJ, ishte burimi autentik i pushtetit, edhe pse tashm\u00eb kishte nis\u00eb procesi i pluripartizmit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb dy republikat n\u00eb Veri dhe n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, apo, n\u00eb Slloveni dhe n\u00eb Kroaci, i cili do t\u00eb mund\u00ebsoj\u00eb edhe organizimin e zgjedhjeve demokratike n\u00eb k\u00ebto dy republika.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb dimrin e k\u00ebtij viti kishte ndodhur shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e k\u00ebsaj LKK-s\u00eb, pas daljes t\u00eb thuaja t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb prej saj, pas themelimit t\u00eb LDK-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb subjekteve t\u00eb tjera politike shqiptare.<\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs u distancuan n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb nga nj\u00eb Parti Komuniste, dhe nga nj\u00eb regjim komunist, i cili pati sh\u00ebnuar, realisht, nj\u00eb em\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb okupimit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, i cili pati nisur n\u00eb vjesht\u00ebn e vitit 1912-t\u00eb, me pushtimin e Kosov\u00ebs nga forcat serbe.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb Lidhja Demokratike e Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0 (LDK), dhe subjektet tjera politike t\u00eb formuara n\u00eb dimrin e vitit 1989\/ 1990, t\u00eb cilat s\u00eb bashku p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin at\u00eb organizimi q\u00eb njihej si \u2018Alternativa kosovare\u2019, ishin pushteti i vet\u00ebm real politik, apo, edhe pse k\u00ebtupari nuk kishte pasur ende zgjedhje t\u00eb lira dhe demokratike, dihej bot\u00ebrisht q\u00eb LDK e Dr.Ibrahim Rugov\u00ebs dhe entitetet tjera politike, kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit t\u00eb vullnetit politik t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Kosova tutje kishte nj\u00eb Qeveri\u00a0 (K\u00ebshillin Ekzekutiv), dhe nj\u00eb Kuvend, por ato realisht, tej nj\u00eb pushteti formal\u00a0 (i cili do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhej m\u00eb pas me k\u00ebt\u00eb pushtetin real, n\u00eb nj\u00eb dyzim t\u00eb pashmangsh\u00ebm politik), nuk kishin m\u00eb t\u00eb thuash kurrfar\u00eb ndikimi real politik as n\u00eb vend, dhe as n\u00eb ato raportet n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Federat\u00ebs s\u00eb at\u00ebhershme, t\u00eb cilat ishin tej mase problematike dhe t\u00eb tensionuara, n\u00eb vijim t\u00eb zhvillimeve n\u00eb vet RSFJ, por edhe n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Muri i Berlinit kishte ra me 9 n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar\u00a0 (1989), Komunizmi kishte nis\u00eb t\u00eb shembej n\u00eb gjith\u00eb ish-Evrop\u00ebn Lindore, teksa n\u00eb RSFJ, tash e tri vjet ishte shp\u00ebrfaqur ai marshimi politik i nacionalizmit serb, i cili kishte goditur kat\u00ebr prej tet\u00eb nj\u00ebsive federale t\u00eb RSFJ-s\u00eb\u00a0 (Serbin\u00eb, Kosov\u00ebn, Vojvodin\u00ebn dhe Malin e Zi), dhe synonte ta ndryshonte at\u00eb federat\u00ebn e at\u00ebhershme, sipas mas\u00ebs s\u00eb vet.<\/p>\n

RSFJ, n\u00eb realitet, tashm\u00eb kishte marr\u00eb nj\u00eb D\u00ebnim kapital, me vdekje, apo me zhb\u00ebrje, n\u00eb vijim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre ngjarjeve n\u00eb ish-Kampin komunist n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, dhe brenda vet RSFJ-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ky shtet nuk mund t\u00eb mbijetonte pas p\u00ebrfundimit e Komunizmit dhe pas instalimit t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb, me rishfaqjen e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr vet\u00ebvendosje, si dhe me k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebsymjen e Nacionalizmit serb.<\/p>\n

LDK dhe \u2018Alternativa kosovare\u2019, q\u00ebllimisht insistonin q\u00eb edhe qytetar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs t\u00eb pajisen me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr demokratizim, duke iu shmangur, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistimit t\u00eb vet, temave madhore politike q\u00eb kishin t\u00eb b\u00ebnin me vet statusin e Kosov\u00ebs, i cili kishte ndryshuar dhunsh\u00ebm, n\u00ebn rrethanat e Gjendjes s\u00eb Jasht\u00ebzakonshme, me pranin\u00eb masive t\u00eb forcave ushtarake dhe policore, n\u00eb Kuvendin e Kosov\u00ebs, me 23 mars t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar\u00a0 (1989).<\/p>\n

Opinioni mbizot\u00ebrues n\u00eb LDK dhe n\u00eb subjektet tjera politike t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1990-t\u00eb ishte q\u00eb Kosova nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohej nga vala e madhe e procesit t\u00eb demokratizimit t\u00eb RSFJ-s\u00eb, dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme t\u00eb af\u00ebrt, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kishte edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb zgjedhje p\u00ebr pushtetin demokratik, dhe q\u00eb pastaj, ky pushtet, i cili natyrisht do t\u00eb reflektonte gjendjen reale politike n\u00eb vend, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte veprimet e duhura p\u00ebr pozicionin apo statusin e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb RSFJ-n\u00eb e at\u00ebhershme.<\/p>\n

Nga perspektiva e sotme, ky opinion natyrisht q\u00eb del naiv dhe i paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, por n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, nj\u00eb opinion i k\u00ebtill\u00eb nuk ka mundur t\u00eb mos merrej n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pra, n\u00eb ato rrethana, LDK dhe \u2018Alternativa kosovare\u2019, nuk kan\u00eb mundur t\u00eb rrezikojn\u00eb mbijetes\u00ebn e tyre\u00a0 (tek e fundit, asnj\u00ebra prej k\u00ebtyre entiteteve ende nuk e kishte legalizuar n\u00eb Federat\u00eb subjektivitetin e vet), duke u shfaqur me at\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e njohur q\u00eb nga demonstratat e pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1981-t\u00eb, p\u00ebr shpalljen e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Po ta b\u00ebnin k\u00ebt\u00eb, do t\u00eb ndodhte shuarja e dhunshme e LDK-s\u00eb dhe e partive t\u00eb tjera, burgosja e lider\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, dhe shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs do t\u00eb mbeteshin pa kurrfar\u00eb pushteti dhe pa kurrfar\u00eb udh\u00ebheqje, dhe pa mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb orientohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebkryq t\u00eb madh historik dhe politik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Kosov\u00ebs kishte nis\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtarizohej\u00a0 (si thuhej at\u00ebher\u00eb), n\u00eb Kongresin Amerikan dhe n\u00eb Parlamentin Evropian, por thuaja kryek\u00ebput, si \u00e7\u00ebshtje e shkeljes t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, dhe jo si nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb populli p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr fatin e vet.<\/p>\n

Tek e mbrama, n\u00eb at\u00eb vitin 1990-t\u00eb, madje, edhe n\u00eb fillimin e vitit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm\u00a0 (1991), n\u00eb Washington dhe n\u00eb kryeqendrat tjera Per\u00ebndimore, nuk ishte kuptuar ende q\u00eb dit\u00ebt e RSFJ-s\u00eb por edhe t\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik ishin t\u00eb num\u00ebruara, apo q\u00eb ato nuk do t\u00eb mund ta p\u00ebrballonin p\u00ebrplasjen e madhe historike q\u00eb ishte pasoj\u00eb e shembjes s\u00eb Komunizmit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kryeqendrat e Per\u00ebndimit, gabimisht, jorealisht \u00a0(dhe naivisht, madje mund t\u00eb thuhet), besohej q\u00eb RSFJ dhe Bashkimi Sovjetik mund t\u00eb demokratizohen dhe t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb jet\u00eb kjo befasia e dyt\u00eb e madhe e SHBA-s\u00eb dhe e Evrop\u00ebs karshi historis\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb harkun kohor 1989-1991.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari, thuaja askush n\u00eb an\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb historis\u00eb nuk kishte pritur q\u00eb Komunizmi do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb bie, apo, t\u00eb shembej, p\u00ebrbrenda, vet prej veti, pa asnj\u00eb plumb t\u00eb shkrepur, pa nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Lindjes komuniste dhe Per\u00ebndimit demokratik, ku nuk p\u00ebrjashtoheshin madje as arm\u00ebt b\u00ebrthamore.<\/p>\n

Kjo ndodhi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht paq\u00ebsore, prej 9 n\u00ebntorit t\u00eb vitit 1989, n\u00eb Berlin, e tutje n\u00eb gjith\u00eb Kampin komunist.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, mbase edhe n\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypjen e befasis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00eb, me vet\u00eb-rr\u00ebnimin e Komunizmit, n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim kan\u00eb besuar q\u00eb Bashkimi Sovjetik dhe RSFJ, do t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyzuar fundin e Komunizmit, fillimin e Demokracis\u00eb dhe ruajtjen e sovranitetit t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Edhe k\u00ebsaj here SHBA-ja dhe Evropa nuk e kuptuan rrjedh\u00ebn e pashmangshme t\u00eb historis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kjo sjellje e Per\u00ebndimit zaten do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb, realisht, me gabimet dhe d\u00ebshtimet e shumta, deri n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1995-t\u00eb, edhe pas kat\u00ebr vitesh t\u00eb luft\u00ebrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme n\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat e ish-RSFJ-s\u00eb, teksa do t\u00eb paguhej me nj\u00eb \u00e7mim jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Kroaci, n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb dhe Hercegovin\u00eb, e m\u00eb pas, edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, t\u2019i kthehemi pranver\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1990 n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n

LDK dhe \u2018Alternativa kosovare\u2019, t\u00eb ndihmuar nga nj\u00eb mori nismash t\u00eb cilat flisnin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mobilizim t\u00eb pashoq n\u00eb historin\u00eb e re t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, arrit\u00ebn ta ushtrojn\u00eb ndikimin e madh n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha institucionet e Kosov\u00ebs, teksa L\u00ebvizja p\u00ebr Pajtimin e gjaqeve, q\u00eb njihte si emrin kryesor t\u00eb saj intelektualin Anton \u00c7etta, por ku vepruan qindra intelektual\u00eb dhe mij\u00ebra aktivist\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha brezave, ndikoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb homogjenizim t\u00eb pashembullt tek shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha shtresat e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, n\u00eb gjith\u00eb territorin e vendit, i ishin v\u00ebn\u00eb prapa L\u00ebvizjes politike, n\u00eb ball\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ishte LDK-ja me \u2018Alternativ\u00ebn kosovare\u2019, q\u00eb kishte lindur n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe spontanisht, pas nj\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvjet\u00ebshi shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb politik\u00ebs n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb\u00a0 (prej vitit 1981 e tutje), pos tjerash, edhe si konsekuenc\u00eb e asaj Proteste t\u00eb madhe paq\u00ebsore gjith\u00ebpopullore t\u00eb muajit n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit 1988-t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, objektivisht, u p\u00ebrgatit skenari p\u00ebr ngjarjet e muajit qershor t\u00eb vitit 1990-t\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb kulmojn\u00eb me at\u00eb Aktin e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, me 2 korrik t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti.<\/p>\n

Nes\u00ebr:\u00a0<\/strong>Shum\u00eb hapa dhe t\u00eb gjitha rrug\u00ebt e mundshme politike dhe luftarake, do t\u00eb kaloheshin prej 2 korrikut (1990) e tutje. Por, ky hapi i par\u00eb, tregoi qart\u00eb drejtimin q\u00eb mori L\u00ebvizja politike e vendit, q\u00eb u shnd\u00ebrrua pastaj n\u00eb L\u00ebvizjen p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Blerim Shala K\u00ebto dit\u00eb u sh\u00ebnua 30 vjetori nga Deklarata Kushtetuese e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, e shpallur me 2 korrik, t\u00eb vitit 1990. P\u00ebrmes k\u00ebsaj Deklarate Kushtetuese, t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahur dhe n\u00ebnshkruar nga 115 delegat\u00ebt e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, Kosova shpallej nj\u00ebsi e barabart\u00eb n\u00eb Jugosllavin\u00eb\u00a0 (e at\u00ebhershme), q\u00eb kishte dometh\u00ebnien q\u00eb Kosova b\u00ebhej Republik\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22429,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAna e panjohur: P\u00ebrgatitja politike e Deklarat\u00ebs Kushtetuese t\u00eb 2 korrikut 1990 (I) - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=23356\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ana e panjohur: P\u00ebrgatitja politike e Deklarat\u00ebs Kushtetuese t\u00eb 2 korrikut 1990 (I) - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nga Blerim Shala K\u00ebto dit\u00eb u sh\u00ebnua 30 vjetori nga Deklarata Kushtetuese e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, e shpallur me 2 korrik, t\u00eb vitit 1990. 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