{"id":22382,"date":"2020-05-31T20:55:26","date_gmt":"2020-05-31T18:55:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=22382"},"modified":"2020-05-31T20:56:32","modified_gmt":"2020-05-31T18:56:32","slug":"te-ndryshojme-qytetet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=22382","title":{"rendered":"T\u00eb ndryshojm\u00eb qytetet"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jo trafik, reduktim i ndotjes, solidaritet midis njer\u00ebzve, masa n\u00eb favor t\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb dobt\u00ebve. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtyre muajve banor\u00ebt e qyteteve kan\u00eb eksperimentuar nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb jetuari. Nj\u00eb m\u00ebsim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Prej disa jav\u00ebsh jeta n\u00eb qytete \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje pauze. Rrug\u00eb t\u00eb heshtura, qiej bosh, parqe t\u00eb shkreta, kinema, bare dhe muzeume t\u00eb mbyllura. Frenezia e pun\u00ebs dhe e blerjeve, kaq familjare deri pak muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb. Izolimi ka krijuar qytete fantazm\u00eb. Tani bllokimi ka p\u00ebrfunduar dhe jeta ka rimarr\u00eb ritmin e zakonsh\u00ebm, por pandemia nuk i ka fshir\u00eb problemet afatgjata: var\u00ebsin\u00eb nga l\u00ebnd\u00ebt djeg\u00ebse me baz\u00eb fosile, rritjen e emisioneve t\u00eb CO2, ajrin e ndotur, nj\u00eb treg imobiliar disfunksional, humbjen e biodiversitetit, hendekun midis t\u00eb pasurve e t\u00eb varf\u00ebrve, pun\u00ebn e keqpaguar. Shpejt do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kthehemi e t\u00eb merremi me to. Kriza e Covid-19 na ka ofruar nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb t\u00eb re lidhur me k\u00ebto probleme dhe mbi limitet e jet\u00ebs urbane e dekadave t\u00eb fundit. Qytetet jan\u00eb nyje kryesore t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb ton\u00eb globale t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhur. Leht\u00ebsojn\u00eb qarkullimin e njer\u00ebzve, produkteve dhe parave, fitimet e kompanive dhe privatizimin e trojeve, t\u00eb resurseve dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve baz\u00eb. Kjo situat\u00eb u ka sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime disa njer\u00ebzve, fal\u00eb mund\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u spostuar leht\u00ebsisht, boll\u00ebkut t\u00eb mallrave t\u00eb konsumit, aft\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb thithur investime dhe nj\u00eb rritjeje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme ekonomike.<\/p>\n

Por bota urbane e globalizuar ka edhe nj\u00eb an\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebt: nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri jasht\u00ebzakonisht e nd\u00ebrlidhur mund ta transformoj\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi nj\u00eb epidemi lokale n\u00eb pandemi. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, sektor\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb menaxhohen nga kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, q\u00eb jo gjithmon\u00eb shikojn\u00eb interesat e popullsis\u00eb, resurset dhe trojet mund t\u00eb mbesin t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr vite t\u00eb t\u00ebra dhe punonj\u00ebsit e keqpaguar e ekonomis\u00eb informale ose t\u00eb\u00a0gig economy\u00a0<\/em>jan\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozuar ndaj rreziqesh t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe kan\u00eb pak mbrojtje. Ky model paraqet kushtet ideale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapjen e s\u00ebmundjeve si Covid-19 dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb absolutisht i pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm t\u2019i p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb. Sistemi i vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb parashikonte konkurrenc\u00ebn midis qyteteve p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar pozicionin e tyre n\u00eb rendin global, nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar nevojat e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve. Por sot kemi nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojm\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin dhe k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulja vendore duket deri e rrezikshme.<\/p>\n

Pyetja themelore<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas pandemis\u00eb do t\u00eb na duhet t\u00eb ndeshemi me nj\u00eb pikepyetje ekzistenciale: \u00e7far\u00eb sh\u00ebrben v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb qytet? P\u00ebr t\u00eb favorizuar rritjen, t\u00ebrhequr investime dhe konkurruar me rival\u00ebt n\u00eb sken\u00ebn bot\u00ebrore? Apo p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jetes\u00ebs e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, favorizuar mb\u00ebshtetshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrballimit t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive? Nj\u00eb qasje nuk e p\u00ebrjashton gjithmon\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, por problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb gjendet nj\u00eb ekuilib\u00ebr. P\u00ebrtej pozicioneve politike e ideologjike, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e njer\u00ebve thjesht do t\u00eb ket\u00eb sh\u00ebndet t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ndjehet e sigurt\u00eb, sidomos p\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve t\u00eb s\u00eb ardhmes, qofshin ato t\u00eb lidhura me klim\u00ebn, fenomenet atomosferike apo me virus\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Pandemia na ka futur t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb eksperiment kolosal n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale, plot me shembuj sesi mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb ardhme m\u00eb e mb\u00ebshtetshme. Sot kemi n\u00eb rast unik p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar e vler\u00ebsuar se cilat nga k\u00ebto p\u00ebrvoja mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar qytete m\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetshme e m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta. N\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete i \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb drita jeshile ndryshimeve t\u00eb shpejta p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar m\u00eb mir\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb, sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsin\u00eb, transportin dhe furnizimin ushqimor. Jemi t\u00eb rrethuar nga masa t\u00eb politik\u00ebs urbane progresiste: bllokim i nxjerrjeve nga sht\u00ebpia, shtet\u00ebzim i sh\u00ebrbimeve, asistenc\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore dhe transporte publike falas, leje p\u00ebr s\u00ebmundje dhe rroga t\u00eb garantuara. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, po shtohen rrjetet e asistenc\u00ebs t\u00eb krijuara nga qytetar\u00ebt e thjesht\u00eb q\u00eb ofrohen vullnetar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebtit n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme. Idet\u00eb radikale e djeshme jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb zgjedhjet pragmatike e sotme. Risit\u00eb e prodhuara nga kriza mund t\u00eb na m\u00ebsojn\u00eb shum\u00eb, duke na ndihmuar q\u00eb t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb politik\u00eb urbane q\u00eb, p\u00ebrtej urgjenc\u00ebs, mund ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb jet\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00eblqyeshme e m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p>\n

R<\/strong>eduktimi i automobilave<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb\u00a0lockdown\u00a0<\/em>miliona njer\u00ebz n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn jan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb kontekste urbane shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb heshtur respektivisht s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs. Mbi baz\u00ebn e k\u00ebsaj p\u00ebrvoje mund t\u00eb imagjinohet dhe t\u00eb realizohet nj\u00eb lloj i ri mobiliteti urban. Disa administrata vendore tashm\u00eb po e b\u00ebjn\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, Komuna e Milanos ka njoftuar se pas kriz\u00ebs do t\u2019i transformoj\u00eb 35 kilometra rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr automjete n\u00eb zona bi\u00e7ikletash dhe pedonale. Zvog\u00eblimi i trafikut automobilistik u ka treguar qytetar\u00ebve sesi d\u00eb t\u00eb ishte jeta n\u00eb lagje m\u00eb t\u00eb jetueshme e t\u00eb pedonalizuara. Pas mbarimit t\u00eb masave kufizuese do t\u00eb na duhet t\u00eb kthehemi e t\u00eb p\u00ebrballemi me nevoj\u00ebn e emetimit t\u00eb gazrave t\u00eb shkaktuara nga transporti dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ajrit. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem kryesor: ulja e qarkullimit t\u00eb makinave, sipas disave deri me 60% brenda 2030, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur nj\u00eb ngrohje globale me efekte shkat\u00ebrrimtare. Kjo ulje do t\u00eb zgjidhte nj\u00eb seri problemesh t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira urbane: zhdukjen e hap\u00ebsirave publike, rritjen e borxhit, shtimin e qendrave tregtare n\u00eb periferi, zvog\u00eblimin e zonave tregtare n\u00eb qendrat e qyteteve, vdekjet e shkaktuara nga incidentet rrugore, cil\u00ebsia e ul\u00ebt e ajrit dhe rritja e emisionit t\u00eb gazrave. Nj\u00eb transport publik i aksesuesh\u00ebm, ekonomik dhe pa emisione gazrash \u00ebsht\u00eb esencial p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmjeje m\u00eb pak t\u00eb varur nga makinat.<\/p>\n

Kriza aktuale ka evidentuar nj\u00eb hendek t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket mund\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb spostimit n\u00eb qytet. N\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete liberalizimi dhe privatizimi i kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar disa kompanive t\u00eb menaxhojn\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb transporteve n\u00eb interes t\u00eb aksioner\u00ebve dhe jo t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve. Miliona njer\u00ebz nuk mund t\u2019ia lejojn\u00eb vetes t\u00eb blejn\u00eb as makin\u00eb, as abonim p\u00ebr mjetet e transportit publik. Kjo situat\u00eb ka pasur pasoja t\u00eb m\u00ebdha gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb. P\u00ebr shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb pamundur, mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb mjeteve publike p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur spitalet, vendet e furnizimit me ushqime dhe sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb tjera esenciale mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb diferenc\u00ebn midis jet\u00ebs dhe vdekjes. Covid-19 ka demonstruar se deri n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb pike disa kategori pun\u00ebtor\u00ebsh jan\u00eb t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm n\u00eb jet\u00ebn ton\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb esenciale t\u2019u garantohet k\u00ebtyre njer\u00ebzve mjete transporti ekonomike dhe me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb mir\u00eb. Qysh p\u00ebrpara pandemis\u00eb problemi ishte paraqitur: m\u00eb 2018 nj\u00eb qytet francez ka nd\u00ebrtuar transport falas, nd\u00ebrsa qeveria e Luksemburgut ka eliminuar biletat n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha mjetet publike. Kriza sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore e ka p\u00ebrshpejtuar procesin, duke i shtyr\u00eb disa administrata lokale n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u2019i b\u00ebjn\u00eb falas transportet, sidomos p\u00ebr punonj\u00ebsit esencial\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr mas\u00eb themelore \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e inkurajimit t\u00eb spostimeve q\u00eb detyrojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet aktivitet fizik. N\u00eb shum\u00eb vende bi\u00e7ikletat konsiderohen tashm\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh si opsioni m\u00eb i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebvizur. Zonat pedonale dhe pistat \u00e7ikliste mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb rol vendimtar n\u00eb spostimet urbane, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt pozitiv ndaj sh\u00ebndetit t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve. Nevoja e distancimit fizik midis njer\u00ebzve ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shfaqen mang\u00ebsi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha hap\u00ebsirash pedonale. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebrshtat\u00ebse dhe reagimin e zonave urbane do t\u00eb jet\u00eb themelore t\u00eb rritet sip\u00ebrfaqja e trotuar\u00ebve dhe kufizimi i hap\u00ebsirave p\u00ebr mjetet motorike. \u00c7do vit n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar 6000 k\u00ebmb\u00ebsor\u00eb vdesin ose mbesin t\u00eb plagosur r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb incidenteve rrugore. Nj\u00eb ulje e limitit t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb mund t\u00eb kontribuoj\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e ngarkes\u00ebs ndaj spitaleve, duke leht\u00ebsuar k\u00ebshtu menaxhimin e epidemive t\u00eb reja.\u00a0Lockdown<\/em>\u00a0ka prodhuar edhe nj\u00eb reduktim t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ndotjes atmosferike. Sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb fundit, kufizimet e vendosura n\u00eb Kin\u00eb kan\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar jet\u00ebt e 77000 njer\u00ebzve thjesht duke u p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e ajrit. Nj\u00eb faktor aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb qoft\u00ebse kihet parasysh se ndotja mund ta rris\u00eb rrezikun e vdekjes t\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e s\u00ebmur\u00eb me Covid-19.<\/p>\n

Duke par\u00eb kostot e larta sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore e sociale t\u00eb shkaktuara nga nj cil\u00ebsi e keqe e ajrit, konfirmimi i tendenc\u00ebs aktuale do t\u00eb mund\u00ebsonte leht\u00ebsimin e barr\u00ebs mbi sistemin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor. Sektori i aviacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb goditur r\u00ebnd\u00eb nga pandemia. Nga fillimi i kriz\u00ebs, numri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i fluturimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se p\u00ebrgjysmuar: nj\u00eb ulje drastike q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen do t\u00eb na mund\u00ebsoj\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se cilat dhe sa fluturime ajrore jan\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u konsideruar t\u00eb kot\u00eb. Administratat qytetare do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb sa m\u00eb shpejt ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm reduktimin e trafikut rrugor e ajror, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar aksesueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e transporteve publike dhe duke stimuluar spostime n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb ose me bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb. Jav\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit jemi spostuar m\u00eb pak dhe kemi transferuar shum\u00eb prej aktiviteteve tona online. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi e madhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rimenduar qasjen ton\u00eb ndaj pun\u00ebs, blerjeve dhe koh\u00ebs s\u00eb lir\u00eb, si edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar investime m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb sisteme transporti t\u00eb aksesuesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Masa t\u00eb pamendueshme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tashm\u00eb jemi m\u00ebsuar me mang\u00ebsit\u00eb e ekonomis\u00eb urbane moderne: pun\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme dhe e keqpaguar, biznese t\u00eb vogla t\u00eb pavarura t\u00eb gjymtuara nga shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshet, privatizim i trojeve dhe i resurseve, rritje e hendekut midis lagjeve t\u00eb pasura e t\u00eb varf\u00ebra. Covid-19 i ka nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto probleme. Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt m\u00eb pak t\u00eb shp\u00ebrblyer, sidomos grat\u00eb, nuk kan\u00eb pasur zgjedhje tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 asaj q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb, duke ju ekspozuar infektimit. Spitalet kan\u00eb regjistruar mang\u00ebsi materialesh esenciale. Njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb lagjet e varf\u00ebra nuk kan\u00eb pasur m\u00eb hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr aktivitete sportive. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, nj\u00eb prej aspekteve surprizues t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjes ndaj kriz\u00ebs ka qen\u00eb futja e menj\u00ebhershme e masave q\u00eb deri pak koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb dukeshin t\u00eb pamendueshme: pezullimi i pages\u00ebs s\u00eb kredive dhe i qirave, leja p\u00ebr s\u00ebmundje (n\u00eb vendet ku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e parashikuar), tendenca p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtet\u00ebzuar sh\u00ebrbimet (sidomos n\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi e n\u00eb transport), rroga e garantuar, bllokimi i nxjerrjeve nga sht\u00ebpia dhe anullimi i borxheve. Kriza ka flakur tej disa pika t\u00eb forta t\u00eb tregut t\u00eb lir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Emergjenca na ka shtyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019u japim m\u00eb vler\u00eb gj\u00ebrave q\u00eb kan\u00eb pesh\u00eb. Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt esencial\u00eb, sidomos nl sektor\u00ebt e sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb e t\u00eb zinxhirit ushqimor, nuk konsiderohen m\u00eb ingranazh\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebnj\u00ebanuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb margjinat e sistemit ekonomik, por marrin vler\u00ebsimin e duhur p\u00ebr kontributim e tyre jetik n\u00eb mir\u00ebqenien e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve. Dyqanet e vogla t\u00eb lagjeve jan\u00eb rizbuluar fal\u00eb aft\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar lidhje personale dhe m\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtimin e tyre ndaj komunitetit. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast p\u00ebr t\u00eb rimenduar zonat tregtare e qend\u00ebrs s\u00eb qyteteve, duke krijuar nj\u00eb ofert\u00eb lokale t\u00eb diversifikuar q\u00eb mund t\u00eb plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb nevojat e komunitetit dhe t\u2019ia forcoj\u00eb n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb krizave t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n

Emergjenca sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore ka evidentuar brisht\u00ebsin\u00eb ekonomike e shum\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve. P\u00ebrtej subvencionimeve shtet\u00ebrore dhe masave mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse ndaj t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb pun\u00ebtorit t\u00eb pavarur, po shfaqen propozime m\u00eb radikale p\u00ebr ta ndryshuar raportin midis njer\u00ebzve dhe pun\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, kriza ka forcuar iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhure universale baz\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb shume parash\u00eb t\u00eb derdhur pa kushte dhe automatikisht tek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt, pavar\u00ebsisht nga aktiviteti punues i zhvilluar. Qeveria spanjolle ka vebdosur q\u00eb ta eksperimentoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mas\u00eb dhe vende t\u00eb tjera po vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e ndjekjes s\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs rrug\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijua nj\u00eb rrjet sigurie q\u00eb mund t\u2019u garantoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb denj\u00eb e t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetshme.<\/p>\n

Ekonomia sociale mund t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb spunto t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme p\u00ebr t\u2019i rimenduar qytetet pas pandemis\u00eb. M\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet aktivitetit t\u00eb kooperativave, bizneseve t\u00eb vogla vendore dhe organizatave t\u00eb vullnetarizmit, ekonomia sociale krijon mallra, sh\u00ebrbime dhe bashk\u00ebpunim me baza lokale n\u00eb aspekte t\u00eb ndryshme, nga energjit\u00eb e rinovueshme tek nd\u00ebrtimtaria e mb\u00ebshtetshme, nga ushqimi tek mikrofinanca. K\u00ebto aktivitete sjellin shum\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime: rritje t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, furnizim lokal, rroga m\u00eb t\u00eb barabarta, kushte pune m\u00eb t\u00eb mira, p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetsh\u00ebm t\u00eb resurseve, pjes\u00ebmarrje demokratike dhe impenjim m\u00eb madh p\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsin\u00eb sociale. Nd\u00ebrtesat dhe trojet e braktisura e bizneseve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimeve mund t\u2019u cakothen organizatave t\u00eb lagjeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb favorizuar q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e komuniteteve lokale n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet krijimit t\u00eb kompanive bujq\u00ebsore, aktiviteteve p\u00ebr shfryt\u00ebzimin e energjive t\u00eb rinovueshme, hap\u00ebsirave p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e lir\u00eb dhe biodiversitetit dhe magazinimit t\u00eb qymyrit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb komunitet urban i gjelb\u00ebr<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment po zbulojm\u00eb se ekonomia mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb p\u00ebr mir\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, shum\u00eb kompani jan\u00eb rikonvertuar p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb aktivitete socialisht t\u00eb dobishme si prodhimi i dizinfektuesve, respirator\u00ebve dhe pajisjeve mjek\u00ebsore. K\u00ebto p\u00ebrvoja duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb burim frym\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e planifikimit ekonomik t\u00eb qyteteve. Fabrikat mund t\u00eb modifikohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar turbina eolike, bi\u00e7ikleta elektrike, panel\u00eb izolues dhe pompa nxeht\u00ebsie. Hap\u00ebsirat n\u00eb tepri t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr zyrat private dhe apartamentet luksoze mund t\u00eb rip\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar banesa p\u00ebr punonj\u00ebsit esencial\u00eb, biblioteka, kopshte, shkolla formimi dhe hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr\u00a0coworking<\/em>. Gjat\u00eb\u00a0lockdown\u00a0<\/em>shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur sesa jan\u00eb reduktuar hap\u00ebsirat e gjelb\u00ebra t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb qytete dhe shum\u00eb familje kan\u00eb q\u00ebndruar t\u00eb mbllura n\u00eb hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb pakta pa akses n\u00eb hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb jashtme. Zonat e gjelb\u00ebra publike duhet t\u00eb zgjerohen p\u00ebr t\u2019u mund\u00ebsuar njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhen e t\u00eb rimarrin veten pas traum\u00ebs s\u00eb Covid-19. Disponueshm\u00ebria e k\u00ebtyre hap\u00ebsirave \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb themelin e mir\u00ebqenies ton\u00eb emotive dhe psikologjike, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se ka efekte pozitive ndaj uljes s\u00eb dioksidit t\u00eb karbonit, cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ajrit dhe mbrojtjes s\u00eb faun\u00ebs s\u00eb eg\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Alternimi i hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb banimit n\u00eb zona t\u00eb gjera t\u00eb gjelb\u00ebra t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr spostimet m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb dhe me bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb mund ta reduktoj\u00eb var\u00ebsin\u00eb ton\u00eb nga automobilat, t\u00eb rris\u00eb biodiversitetin dhe t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb vende t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e lir\u00eb pak hapa larg nga sht\u00ebpia. N\u00eb k\u00ebto hap\u00ebsira mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb zona p\u00ebr prodhimin lokal t\u00eb ushqimeve dhe strukturave p\u00ebr ta mbrojtur nga p\u00ebrmbytjet, si sistemet e mb\u00ebshtetshme t\u00eb drenazhimit dhe kopshtet ujore, duke p\u00ebrmirs\u00ebuar aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e territorit n\u00eb pritje t\u00eb emergjencave t\u00eb reja. Pastaj, ka motive t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrq\u00ebndruar mbi modernizimin e strukturave t\u00eb banimit. N\u00eb perspektiv\u00ebn e masave t\u00eb reja t\u00eb izolimit gjat\u00eb muajve t\u00eb dimrit, mund\u00ebsia e pasjes s\u00eb sht\u00ebpive t\u00eb ngrohta dhe me konsume energjitike t\u00eb ul\u00ebta mund t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb probleme t\u00eb tejra t\u00eb lidhura me koston e l\u00ebnd\u00ebve djeg\u00ebse me baz\u00eb fosile dhe me rritjen e vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb dim\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Ve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjerash, situata aktuale na ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb raport m\u00eb i mir\u00eb me natyr\u00ebn dhe me kafsh\u00ebt. Deri pak koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie konstante, fauna e eg\u00ebr ka gjetur hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb reja fal\u00eb pezullimit t\u00eb aktiviteteve njer\u00ebzore, por tani rrezikon t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar se m\u00eb par\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb ekuilib\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb me speciet e tjera t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve do t\u00eb duhet, p\u00ebr shembull, t\u00eb zgjerohet habitati i faun\u00ebs s\u00eb eg\u00ebr, t\u00eb rivendosen yonat natzrale e d\u00ebmtuara dhe t\u00eb reduktohet var\u00ebsia jon\u00eb nga rritja intensive dhe nga dietat me baz\u00eb mishi.<\/p>\n

Roli i shtetit<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00ebrkuesit hipotezojn\u00eb se zoonozat (s\u00ebmundjet e transmetuara nga kafsh\u00ebt tek njeroi, si Covid-19) jan\u00eb nj\u00eb prej pasojave t\u00eb zhvillimit njer\u00ebzor n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Nj\u00eb raport i botuar koh\u00ebt e fundit nga UNDP-ja analizon m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn rritja e shpejt\u00eb e popullsis\u00eb urbane n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn dhe reduktimi i ekosistemeve t\u00eb pakontaminuara po favorizojn\u00eb transmetimin e agjent\u00ebve patogjen\u00eb nga kafsh\u00ebt tek njeriu. Rigjenerimi dhe mbrojtja e hapsirave natyrale mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e aft\u00ebsive tona n\u00eb p\u00ebrballimin e pandemive t\u00eb reja. E ardhmja e qyteteve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e vendosur. P\u00ebrvojat pozitive q\u00eb kemi p\u00ebrjetuar gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsa krize mund t\u00eb forcohen e t\u00eb zgjerohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb kontekst urban m\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb, m\u00eb t\u00eb gjelb\u00ebr e m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse vendosim n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb prioriteteve tona komunitetin, miq\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe jet\u00ebn familjare, do t\u00eb zbulojm\u00eb se kemi shum\u00eb resurse p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar jet\u00ebn ton\u00eb. P\u00ebrgjigja e qyteteve ndaj k\u00ebsaj krize dhe ndaj asaj q\u00eb do t\u00eb vij\u00eb prapa do t\u00eb jet\u00eb vendimtare. Me siguri q\u00eb shteti do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb rol m\u00eb t\u00eb madh dhe, n\u00eb disa raste, do t\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb autoritare, si\u00e7 e kan\u00eb demonstruar pushtetet speciale e dh\u00ebna qeverive p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar kufijt\u00eb, survejimin dhe karantin\u00ebn. Por ka nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i kund\u00ebrshtuar k\u00ebto tendenca: t\u00eb luftohet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shtet demokratik dhe pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs ku zgjidhjet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb dakord\u00ebsuara me qytetar\u00ebt n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb imponohen nga lart.<\/p>\n

(Paul Chatterton jep Urbanistik\u00ebn e s\u00eb Ardhmes n\u00eb Leeds University. \u00cbsht\u00eb autor i librit\u00a0Unlocking\u00a0<\/em>S<\/em>ustainable<\/em>\u00a0C<\/em>ities\u00a0<\/em>(sht\u00ebpia botuese Pluto Press))<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti: ARMIN TIRANA \/ bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jo trafik, reduktim i ndotjes, solidaritet midis njer\u00ebzve, masa n\u00eb favor t\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb dobt\u00ebve. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtyre muajve banor\u00ebt e qyteteve kan\u00eb eksperimentuar nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb jetuari. Nj\u00eb m\u00ebsim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen   Prej disa jav\u00ebsh jeta n\u00eb qytete \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje pauze. Rrug\u00eb t\u00eb heshtura, qiej bosh, parqe t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22383,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,3,20,21],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00eb ndryshojm\u00eb qytetet - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=22382\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00eb ndryshojm\u00eb qytetet - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jo trafik, reduktim i ndotjes, solidaritet midis njer\u00ebzve, masa n\u00eb favor t\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb dobt\u00ebve. 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