Kristian Drosten, q\u00eb drejton Institutin e Virologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Spitalin \u201cCharit\u00e9\u201d n\u00eb Berlin, ishte nj\u00eb nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt q\u00eb e identifikoi virusin e SARS-it n\u00eb vitin 2003. Si drejtues i laboratorit t\u00eb Institutit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndetit Publik p\u00ebr koronaviruset, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb eksperti kryesor i qeveris\u00eb gjermane, q\u00eb dikton masat e marra p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar pandemin\u00eb aktuale. N\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb ekskluzive, Drosten shpjegon arsyen pse i frik\u00ebsohet nj\u00eb vale t\u00eb dyt\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse t\u00eb Covid-19.<\/p>\n
Gjermania ka nisur t\u00eb heq\u00eb gradualisht k\u00ebt\u00eb jav\u00eb masat e ashpra kufizuese. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh m\u00eb pas?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ne po shohim q\u00eb pavionet e kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor intensiv n\u00eb Gjermani jan\u00eb gjysm\u00eb t\u00eb zbraz\u00ebta. Dhe kjo p\u00ebr shkak se ne e filluam her\u00ebt diagnostikimin e virusit, dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Ne kemi arritur ta frenojm\u00eb epidemin\u00eb, duke e ulur me posht\u00eb se 1 norm\u00ebn e infektimit, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebsia kryesore mat\u00ebse e p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb virusit. Tani, po ndodh ajo q\u00eb un\u00eb e quaj paradoksi i parandalimit.<\/p>\n Njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb duke pretenduar, q\u00eb ne kemi e tepruar me masat kufizuese. Plani federal ishte leht\u00ebsimi paksa i tyre. Por p\u00ebr shkak se landet gjermane i vendosnin vet\u00eb rregullat e tyre, kam frik\u00eb se do t\u00eb shohim shum\u00eb abuzime n\u00eb interpretimin e k\u00ebtij sugjerimi. Druhem se norma e infektimit do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb rritet prap\u00eb, dhe do kemi nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb Covid-19.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse do t\u00eb ruhej karantina klasike, a mund t\u00eb zhdukej s\u00ebmundja?<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u00eb Gjermani ka nj\u00eb grup ekspert\u00ebsh q\u00eb merren me modelet e epidemive, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt sugjerojn\u00eb se me zgjatjen e izolimit edhe p\u00ebr disa jav\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, ne mund t\u00eb ulnim n\u00ebn 0.2 norm\u00ebn e infektimit. Un\u00eb prirem t\u2019i mb\u00ebshtes ata, por vet\u00eb nuk jam shum\u00eb i bindur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb.<\/p>\n Norma e infektimit, \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb thelb nj\u00eb mesatare. Ajo nuk na tregon se cilat jan\u00eb zonat me rrezik m\u00eb t\u00eb madh, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb p\u00ebr shembull azilet e t\u00eb moshuarve, ku kjo pandemi do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u zhdukur, dhe ku mund t\u00eb shohim nj\u00eb ringjallje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb koronavirusit.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse do t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb ringjallje t\u00eb till\u00eb, a mund t\u00eb mbahet ajo n\u00ebn kontroll?<\/strong><\/p>\n Po, por kjo gj\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebmes gjurmimit t\u00eb kontakteve njer\u00ebzore. Tashm\u00eb ne kemi prova se gati gjysma e rasteve me Covid-19, ndodhin p\u00ebrpara se nj\u00eb person t\u00eb nis\u00eb t\u00eb shfaq\u00eb simptoma. Dhe njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb infektues 2 dy dit\u00eb para k\u00ebtij momenti.<\/p>\n Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb gjurmuesit e kontakteve, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me pacient\u00ebt e s\u00ebmur\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb ekspozuar ndaj koronavirusit, jan\u00eb realisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb gar\u00eb me koh\u00ebn. Ata kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb \u00a0t\u00eb ndihmohen q\u00eb t\u00eb kontaktojn\u00eb sa m\u00eb shpejt q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur, me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb potencialisht t\u00eb ekspozuar. Dhe kjo do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb gjurmimin elektronik t\u00eb kontaktit.<\/p>\n Sa af\u00ebr jemi arritjes s\u00eb imunitetit t\u00eb tuf\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur imunitetin e tuf\u00ebs, duhet q\u00eb 60-70 p\u00ebr qind e popullat\u00ebs t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb antitrupa kund\u00ebr Covid-19. Rezultatet e testeve t\u00eb antitrupave, sugjerojn\u00eb se n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe SHBA kjo norm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb ul\u00ebta. Por testet nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, dhe imuniteti i tuf\u00ebs nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka.<\/p>\n Ai supozon nj\u00eb infektim t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs. Por ka arsye pse e gjith\u00eb popullata mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb e prirur t\u00eb infektohet n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Rrjetet ndryshojn\u00eb, dhe njer\u00ebz t\u00eb rinj ekspozohen. Efekte t\u00eb tilla, mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb reja infektimesh. Nj\u00eb faktor tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb imunitetin e tuf\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebse koronaviruse t\u00eb tjera na ofrojn\u00eb mbrojtje ndaj Covid-19.<\/p>\n A duhet q\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vendet t\u00eb testojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt e tyre?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nuk jam i sigurt p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb. Edhe n\u00eb Gjermani, pavar\u00ebsisht kapacitetit ton\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb testimit, shumica e testeve ndodh tek njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb raportojn\u00eb simptoma. Dhe ne nuk kemi pasur nj\u00eb norm\u00eb pozitiviteti mbi 8 p\u00ebr qind. Prandaj mendoj se testimi me synim grupime t\u00eb caktuara, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb praktika m\u00eb e mir\u00eb, kryesisht p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuar.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fakt kjo nuk po ndodh plot\u00ebsisht n\u00eb Gjermani, edhe pse jemi duke shkuar drejt saj. Fokusi tjet\u00ebr duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb tek pacient\u00ebt n\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb simptomave, sidomos t\u00eb moshuarit q\u00eb priren t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb spital shum\u00eb von\u00eb. Dhe ne kemi nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lloj sistemi mbik\u00ebqyrjes, p\u00ebr t\u00eb skanuar popullsin\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur ecurin\u00eb e norm\u00ebs s\u00eb infeksionit.<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb dihet mbi sezonalitetin e virusit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Jo shum\u00eb. Grupi i modelimit n\u00eb Universitetin e Harvardit i udh\u00ebhequr nga Mark Lipsit, ka sugjeruar q\u00eb transmetimi i koronavirusit mund t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsohet gjat\u00eb stin\u00ebs s\u00eb ver\u00ebs, por kjo do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Nuk kam t\u00eb dh\u00ebna m\u00eb t\u00eb mira.<\/p>\n A mund ta themi me siguri se pandemia nisi n\u00eb Kin\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n Mendoj se po. Por nga ana tjet\u00ebr, nuk supozoj se ajo filloi n\u00eb tregun ushqimor n\u00eb Vuhan. Ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb nisur aty kafsha \u00ebsht\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtuar.<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb dim\u00eb p\u00ebr bart\u00ebsin e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebm,\u00a0 a \u00ebsht\u00eb ai pangolina?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nuk shoh ndonj\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr t\u00eb supozuar se virusi ka kaluar tek njeriu p\u00ebrmes pangolin\u00ebs. Nga njohurit\u00eb aktuale mbi SARS-in, na vjen nj\u00eb informacion interesant. Ai virus u gjet tek macet Civet, por edhe tek qent\u00eb rakun\u00eb. K\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit, jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb industrie t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb Kin\u00eb. N\u00ebse dikush do t\u00eb m\u00eb jepte disa qindra mij\u00ebra dollar\u00eb dhe qasje t\u00eb lir\u00eb n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, un\u00eb do t\u00eb shkoja t\u00eb shihja se ku mbar\u00ebshtohen qent\u00eb rakun\u00eb.<\/p>\n A do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e dobishme t\u00eb identifikohet \u201cpacienti zero\u201d, pra njeriu i pari i infektuar me Covid-19?<\/strong><\/p>\n Jo. \u00cbsht\u00eb gati e sigurt\u00eb se \u2018pacienti zero\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb prekur nga nj\u00eb virus shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm, me disa nga viruset e sekuencave t\u00eb para, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk kjo do t\u00eb na ndihmonte. Nuk besoj se do t\u00eb na ndihmonte t\u00eb parandalojm\u00eb pandemit\u00eb e ardhshme t\u00eb koronavirusit. Pasi njer\u00ebzimi do t\u00eb jet\u00eb imun ndaj koronavirusit tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur me SARS-in.<\/p>\n Koronavirus\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim. Kryesori \u00ebsht\u00eb virusi i Sindrom\u00ebs i Frym\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb R\u00ebnduar i Lindjes s\u00eb Mesme (MERS).Por p\u00ebr ta kuptuar k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim, ne duhet t\u00eb studiojm\u00eb se si viruset MERS po evoluojn\u00eb tek devet\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n A jan\u00eb aktivitetet njer\u00ebzore, p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr kalimin koronaviruseve nga kafsh\u00ebt tek njer\u00ebzit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Kur kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, koronavirus\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb prirur q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb bart\u00ebs. Dhe ne njer\u00ebzit e krijojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrdorimit jo natyral t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve, sidomos atyre sht\u00ebpiake. K\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit jan\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozuara ndaj jet\u00ebs s\u00eb eg\u00ebr. Ato mbahen n\u00eb grupe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb forcojn\u00eb virusin, dhe njer\u00ebzit kan\u00eb kontakte t\u00eb af\u00ebrta me to. Prandaj ato p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb trajektore t\u00eb mundshme t\u00eb shfaqjes s\u00eb koronaviruseve.<\/p>\n Deri tani mendohej se gripi paraqiste rrezikun m\u00eb t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pandemi. A \u00ebsht\u00eb ende k\u00ebshtu?<\/strong><\/p>\n Sigurisht, por ne nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb pandemi tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb koronavirusit. Pas shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb epidemis\u00eb s\u00eb Ebol\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 1976, njer\u00ebzit menduan se kjo s\u00ebmundje nuk do t\u00eb kthehej m\u00eb kurr\u00eb. Por pas m\u00eb pak se 20 vjet\u00ebsh, ky virus u shfaq s\u00ebrish.<\/p>\n Angela Merkel, \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr udh\u00ebheqjen e saj gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj krize. \u00c7far\u00eb e b\u00ebn at\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse t\u00eb mir\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e mir\u00eb-informuar mbi situat\u00ebn. E ndihmon edhe fakti q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtare n\u00eb profesion. Por un\u00eb mendoj se kjo ndodh p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb aft\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb reflektuar thell\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i transmetuar siguri opinionit publik. Nj\u00eb nga tiparet dalluese t\u00eb nj\u00eb lideri t\u00eb mir\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb mos e p\u00ebrdor\u00eb situat\u00ebn aktuale si nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi politike.<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb ju mban nat\u00ebn zgjuar?<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u00eb Gjermani, njer\u00ebzit shohin q\u00eb spitalet nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbingarkuara, dhe nuk e kuptojn\u00eb se p\u00ebrse dyqanet e tyre duhet t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb t\u00eb mbyllura. Ata shohin vet\u00ebm at\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodh k\u00ebtu, dhe jo n\u00eb Nju Jork apo Spanj\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb paradoksi i parandalimit, dhe p\u00ebr shum\u00eb gjerman\u00eb un\u00eb jam \u2018djali i keq\u2019, q\u00eb po e shkat\u00ebrron ekonomin\u00eb. Kam vazhdimisht k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime me vdekje, t\u00eb cilat i denoncoj n\u00eb polici. M\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese jan\u00eb e-mailet e tjera, nga njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb thon\u00eb se kan\u00eb 3 f\u00ebmij\u00eb, dhe jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb brengosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e tyre. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faji im p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, por jan\u00eb k\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit q\u00eb m\u00eb mbajn\u00eb nat\u00ebn zgjuar. \/ Times \u2013 Bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kristian Drosten, q\u00eb drejton Institutin e Virologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Spitalin \u201cCharit\u00e9\u201d n\u00eb Berlin, ishte nj\u00eb nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt q\u00eb e identifikoi virusin e SARS-it n\u00eb vitin 2003. Si drejtues i laboratorit t\u00eb Institutit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndetit Publik p\u00ebr koronaviruset, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb eksperti kryesor i qeveris\u00eb gjermane, q\u00eb dikton masat e marra p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar pandemin\u00eb aktuale. N\u00eb nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,3,21],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n