Tae Hoon Kim<\/p>\n
Korea e Jugut \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr vendet e pakta e cila ia ka dal\u00eb t\u00eb sheshoj\u00eb kurb\u00ebn e koronavirusit. Politika e saj e testimit, gjurmimit dhe trajtimit pa bllokuar l\u00ebvizjen \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar gjer\u00ebsisht. Disa ia atribuojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut, faktit q\u00eb ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrballur me epidemi t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme si Sars dhe Mers. Komentuesit n\u00eb SHBA priren t\u00eb ken\u00eb dyshime p\u00ebr udh\u00ebheqjen efektive t\u00eb vendit, duke e krahasuar at\u00eb me Donald Trump. T\u00eb tjer\u00eb e vendosin theksin tek faktor\u00ebt kulturor\u00eb, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb gatishm\u00ebria e publikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb sakrifikuar privat\u00ebsin\u00eb, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe.<\/p>\n
Ajo q\u00eb shpesh anashkalohet \u00ebsht\u00eb se rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e suksesit t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut kund\u00ebr Covid-19, q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb tek sistemi i mir\u00eb-financuar dhe efi\u00e7ent i ofrimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve publike. Pa k\u00ebt\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb baz\u00eb, politika e testimeve, gjurmimeve dhe trajtimit nuk mund t\u00eb ishte e q\u00ebndrueshme ose e zgjeruar n\u00eb at\u00eb shkall\u00eb. Gjithashtu menaxhimi efektiv i situat\u00ebs nuk mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb shum\u00eb, n\u00ebse i mungon nj\u00eb sistem sh\u00ebrbimi publik i nd\u00ebrtuar mir\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb mund ta ofroj\u00eb at\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Marrim aeroportin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut, Incheon. Si nj\u00eb aeroport i menaxhuar publikisht, ai renditet vazhdimisht nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebt n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Po k\u00ebshtu edhe sistemi i metros\u00eb t\u00eb Seoul-it \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur n\u00eb bot\u00eb p\u00ebr tarifat e lira dhe efikasitetin e tij, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb nj\u00eb nga pes\u00eb sistemet m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00ebntok\u00ebsore. Deri tani, fakti m\u00eb mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb sistemi i kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb renditur i pari midis vendeve t\u00eb OECD n\u00eb vitin 2015. Megjith\u00ebse spitalet n\u00eb Kore kryesisht jan\u00eb private, 97% e popullsis\u00eb Koreane \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbuluar nga skema e detyrueshme komb\u00ebtare e sigurimit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor. Ky ekuilib\u00ebr midis spitaleve t\u00eb privatizuar dhe sistemit t\u00eb sigurimeve publike ka siguruar qasje universale dhe burime t\u00eb bollshme, duke d\u00ebshmuar efektivitetin e tij n\u00eb kriz\u00ebn e koronavirusit.<\/p>\n
Si e arriti Koreja e Jugut k\u00ebt\u00eb? N\u00eb dallim nga Evropa per\u00ebndimore pas luft\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, vendosja e nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb mir\u00ebqenies nuk ishte p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsia e diktaturave q\u00eb sunduan vendin. Si shum\u00eb vende n\u00eb zhvillim n\u00eb Azi, u p\u00ebrq\u00ebndruan tek industrializimi dhe rritja ekonomike. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, diktatura investoi shum\u00eb n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn publike, duke e par\u00eb si t\u00eb domosdoshme p\u00ebr rritjen e industris\u00eb s\u00eb Kores\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1977, u prezantua sistemi i par\u00eb komb\u00ebtar i sigurimit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor t\u00eb vendit, megjith\u00ebse ky sistem nuk ngjan aspak me sistemin e kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor q\u00eb ato kan\u00eb sot.<\/p>\n
Rivendosja e demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb 1987 nuk e ndryshoi modelin ekonomik t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga shteti dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e menaxhimit t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs. Ai q\u00eb ndryshoi, sidoqoft\u00eb, ishte q\u00ebndrimi i njer\u00ebzve. Rr\u00ebzimi i diktatur\u00ebs ushtarake n\u00eb 1987 ishte rezultat i nj\u00eb vale protestash mbar\u00ebkomb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve 1990 dhe 2000, Koreja e Jugut pati protesta masive civile kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb game t\u00eb gjer\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjesh, nga konfliketet q\u00eb kishte me Amerik\u00ebn deri tek keqmenaxhimi i nj\u00eb aksidenti \u00a0t\u00eb nj\u00eb trageti n\u00eb vitin 2014. Kulmi i k\u00ebtij mobilizimi masiv arriti n\u00eb \u00a0demonstrimet kund\u00ebr ish presidentit Park Geun-hye. Protestat vazhduan nga tetori 2016 deri n\u00eb mars 2017. M\u00eb 3 dhjetor 2016, p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht 2.3 milion njer\u00ebz dol\u00ebn n\u00eb rrug\u00eb, gati 4% e t\u00ebr\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. K\u00ebto m\u00eb pas \u00e7uan n\u00eb shkarkimin, gjykimin dhe burgosjen e Park.<\/p>\n
Politika koreane q\u00eb nga vitet 1990 mund t\u00eb karakterizohet si nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb gjat\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs qytetar\u00ebt i forcuan gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me shtetin, duke detyruar qeverit\u00eb t\u00eb marrin mir\u00ebqenien e tyre seriozisht. Nj\u00eb fush\u00eb e cila ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb e dukshme \u00ebsht\u00eb transporti publik, energjia dhe kujdesi sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb person normal, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u2019i g\u00ebzojn\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb cilat paguhen nga parat\u00eb e taksapaguesve. P\u00ebr ta th\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb terma m\u00eb t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm, ata jan\u00eb barometrat m\u00eb t\u00eb preksh\u00ebm me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mund t\u00eb gjykojn\u00eb angazhimin e qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt e vet. Mosarritja e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre dhe menaxhimi i tyre jo me efikasitet, pothuajse gjithmon\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb humbje t\u00eb votave p\u00ebr partin\u00eb n\u00eb pushtet.<\/p>\n
Ndjeshm\u00ebria ndaj sh\u00ebrbimeve publike dhe p\u00ebrgjegjshm\u00ebria e popullit p\u00ebr t\u2019i k\u00ebrkuar llogari qeveris\u00eb, ka qen\u00eb nxitja p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve publike t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut n\u00eb 20 vitet e fundit. Gjithashtu e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb privatizimin t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u pranuar. Jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me sensin e rr\u00ebnjosur \u00a0t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre komunitare, por gjithashtu, duke par\u00eb q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet jan\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar n\u00ebn qeverisje, shum\u00eb e ven\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje logjik\u00ebn e shitjes s\u00eb tyre tek nd\u00ebrmarrjet private.<\/p>\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb ironike se p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite, Korean\u00ebt besonin se t\u00eb kesh sh\u00ebrbime publike t\u00eb klasit bot\u00ebror ishte ekuivalente me t\u00eb b\u00ebhesh m\u00eb demokratik dhe k\u00ebshtu m\u00eb per\u00ebndimor. Shum\u00eb nuk ishin n\u00eb dijeni p\u00ebr privatizimin e gjer\u00eb dhe dh\u00ebnien e sh\u00ebrbimeve publike me koncesion, q\u00eb po ndodhnin n\u00eb per\u00ebndim n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb. Kriza e koronavirusit q\u00eb e zhyti Evrop\u00ebn n\u00eb kaos e ka shkat\u00ebrruar k\u00ebt\u00eb imazh q\u00eb shihej si ideal. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket korean\u00ebve, ky ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb rezultati i \u201cmodelit Korean\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ata kan\u00eb luftuar p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite.
\nNuk ka gjasa q\u00eb ky sistem t\u00eb rr\u00ebzohet pas k\u00ebtij suksesi. \/ The Guardian \u2013 Bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tae Hoon Kim Korea e Jugut \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr vendet e pakta e cila ia ka dal\u00eb t\u00eb sheshoj\u00eb kurb\u00ebn e koronavirusit. Politika e saj e testimit, gjurmimit dhe trajtimit pa bllokuar l\u00ebvizjen \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar gjer\u00ebsisht. Disa ia atribuojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut, faktit q\u00eb ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrballur me epidemi t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme si […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,20,21],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n