{"id":18954,"date":"2019-11-05T21:31:26","date_gmt":"2019-11-05T20:31:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=18954"},"modified":"2019-11-05T21:31:26","modified_gmt":"2019-11-05T20:31:26","slug":"orwelli-e-dinte-bleme-me-deshire-ekranet-qe-po-perdoren-kunder-nesh-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=18954","title":{"rendered":"Orwelli e dinte: Blem\u00eb me d\u00ebshir\u00eb ekranet, q\u00eb po p\u00ebrdoren kund\u00ebr nesh!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Henry Cowles<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shitjet e romanit distopian \u201c1984\u201d t\u00eb Xhorxh Oruellit (George Orwell), kan\u00eb kulmuar dy her\u00eb koh\u00ebt e fundit, dhe t\u00eb dyja her\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb ngjarjeve politike. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2017, ideja e \u201cfakteve alternative\u201d u kujtoi t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve Winston Smithin, protagonistin e librit dhe nj\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebs n\u00eb Ministrin\u00eb e s\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb profesionale e fakteve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dhe, n\u00eb vitin 2013, kur ish-punonj\u00ebsi i Agjencis\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare Edward Snowden e krahasoi p\u00ebrgjimin e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb amerikane, me at\u00eb q\u00eb kishte imagjinuar Oruell: \u201cLlojet e mbledhjes s\u00eb informacionit n\u00eb lib\u00ebr \u2013 mikrofonat dhe videokamerat, televizor\u00ebt q\u00eb na shikojn\u00eb \u2013 nuk jan\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me at\u00eb q\u00eb kemi sot n\u00eb dispozicion\u201d.<\/p>\n

Snowden kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb. N\u00ebse rilexon \u201c1984\u201d n\u00eb vitin 2018, \u00e7dokush habitet nga \u201cTV q\u00eb na shikojn\u00eb\u201d, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Orwell i quajti \u2018telescreens\u2019 (ekrane). Ekrani, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga objektet e para q\u00eb hasim: Instrumenti mund t\u00eb fikej, por nuk kishte asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta nxjerr\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht jasht\u00eb funksionit.<\/p>\n

Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i gjith\u00ebpranish\u00ebm, n\u00eb \u00e7do dhom\u00eb private dhe n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn publike, deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb librit, madje edhe pasi Smith jep dor\u00ebheqjen. Ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e habitshme p\u00ebr donimicionet e ekranit, \u00ebsht\u00eb se sa gabim e kishte Orwelli mbi t\u00eb tashmen ton\u00eb teknologjike.<\/p>\n

Ekranet nuk jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e jet\u00ebs sot: ato jan\u00eb jeta jon\u00eb. Ne nd\u00ebrveprojm\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb digjitale aq shpesh dhe n\u00eb thell\u00ebsi, saq\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb prej nesh t\u00eb imagjinohet (ose t\u00eb kujtohet) se \u00e7far\u00eb jeta ishte dikur. Dhe tani, i gjith\u00eb ai nd\u00ebrveprim regjistrohet.<\/p>\n

Snowden nuk ishte i pari q\u00eb tregoi se sa larg kan\u00eb shkuar smartfon\u00ebt dhe media sociale, n\u00eb krahasim me at\u00eb q\u00eb kishte imagjinuar Orwell. Ai s\u2019mund ta kishte ditur se sa t\u00eb etur do t\u00eb ishim ne p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar ekran\u00ebt tan\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u2019i pasur me vete kudo q\u00eb shkojm\u00eb, apo sesa leht\u00eb do t\u00eb ia dor\u00ebzojm\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tona kompanive q\u00eb ushqejn\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn ton\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u lidhur.<\/p>\n

Ne jemi t\u00eb rrethuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb nga ekrane, q\u00eb Orwell nuk mund t\u2019i parashikonte se do t\u00eb prodhoheshin. Apo mundej? Orwell na jep nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash n\u00eb lidhje me gjetjet e ekraneve, t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb nj\u00eb origjin\u00eb t\u00eb habitshme t\u00eb shtetit totalitar q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan n\u00eb \u201c1984\u201d. Ti marr\u00ebsh ato seriozisht, do t\u00eb thot\u00eb t\u00eb shoh\u00ebsh drejt bot\u00ebs s\u00eb korporatave, sesa tek qeverit\u00eb tona t\u00eb tanishme si burim i mundsh\u00ebm i humbjes s\u00eb liris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse Orwelli kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, zgjedhja e konsumatorit \u2013 n\u00eb fakt, ideologjia e vet\u00eb zgjedhjes \u2013 mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb model, sesi nis v\u00ebrtet degradimi i zgjedhjes. Ideja e par\u00eb, vjen n\u00eb form\u00ebn e<\/p>\n

nj\u00eb mungese teknologjike. P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, Winston e gjen veten n\u00eb nj\u00eb dhom\u00eb pa ekran: \u201cSka monitor t\u00eb ekranit!\u201d, ai nuk mund t\u00eb ndihmonte duke murmuritur. \u201cAh!\u201d \u2013 tha burri i moshuar, \u201dasnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kam pasur nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto gj\u00ebra. Tep\u00ebr t\u00eb shtrenjta. Dhe nuk e kam ndjer\u00eb kurr\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn e tyre\u201d.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse ne m\u00ebsojm\u00eb t\u2019i marrim me rezerva deklaratat e nj\u00eb njeriu t\u00eb moshuar, duket se n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment, p\u00ebr disa njer\u00ebz, pasja e ekraneve ishte nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje zgjedhjeje. Elementi i dyt\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr brenda librit: nj\u00eb histori e ndaluar e ngritjes s\u00eb \u201cpartis\u00eb\u201d, e shkruar nga nj\u00eb prej arkitekt\u00ebve t\u00eb saj t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb \u201cArmiku i Popullit\u201d.<\/p>\n

Libri akuzon teknologjin\u00eb p\u00ebr shkat\u00ebrrimin e privat\u00ebsis\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebtu kemi nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrim t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jetojm\u00eb: \u201cMe zhvillimin e televizionit dhe p\u00ebrparimin teknik q\u00eb b\u00ebri t\u00eb mundur marrjen dhe transmetimin n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin instrument, jeta private mori fund\u201d.<\/p>\n

A na tregon historia e err\u00ebt e ekranit, di\u00e7ka mbi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si jetojm\u00eb ne tani? Ngurrimi i nj\u00eb njeriu t\u00eb moshuar dhe fuqia e televizionit, sugjerojn\u00eb se tejkalimi totalitar nuk mund t\u00eb filloj\u00eb nga lart \u2013 t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn, jo n\u00eb kuptimin q\u00eb ne shpesh p\u00ebrfytyrojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Qasja e pakufizuar n\u00eb jet\u00ebn ton\u00eb t\u00eb brendshme fillon si nj\u00eb zgjedhje, nj\u00eb vendim p\u00ebr t\u2019u regjistruar p\u00ebr marrjen e nj\u00eb produkti, sepse ne \u201cndiejm\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb\u201d. Kur veprojm\u00eb sipas d\u00ebshirave tona n\u00eb treg, ne i dor\u00ebzojm\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tona tek subjektet e korporatave, dhe erozioni i zgjedhjes zbulohet si pasoj\u00eb e zgjedhjes \u2013 ose s\u00eb paku, pasoj\u00eb e festimit t\u00eb zgjedhjes.<\/p>\n

Koh\u00ebt e fundit dy historiane kan\u00eb mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim \u2013 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra krejt t\u00eb ndryshme. Sara Igo, n\u00eb Universitetin Vanderbilt n\u00eb Tenesi, ka argumentuar se k\u00ebrkesat e amerikan\u00ebve p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn private duket se kan\u00eb kaluar krah p\u00ebr krah me vendimet e tyre p\u00ebr ta sakrifikuar at\u00eb gjat\u00eb shekullit XX-t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Qytetar\u00ebt kan\u00eb mbrojtur dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht transmetuar jet\u00ebn e tyre private, p\u00ebrmes sondazheve dhe mediave sociale, duke ardhur gradualisht n\u00eb pik\u00ebn kur e pranojm\u00eb se jet\u00eb bashk\u00ebkohore do t\u00eb thot\u00eb t\u00eb kontribuosh n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, nga t\u00eb cilat ne varemi gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse disa prej k\u00ebtyre aktiviteteve ishin \u201czgjedhur\u201d m\u00eb leht\u00eb se sa t\u00eb tjerat, Igo tregon se si vet\u00eb zgjedhja kaloi n\u00eb plan t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, kur erdh\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat personale. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, historiania Sophia Rosenfeld n\u00eb Universitetin e Pensilvanis\u00eb, ka argumentuar se vet\u00eb liria u zvog\u00eblua n\u00eb zgjedhje, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb specifike zgjedhje midis nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb kufizuar opsionesh, dhe se reduktimi i saj ka sh\u00ebnuar nj\u00eb revolucion n\u00eb politik\u00eb dhe mendim.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa opsionet jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbuluara nga ato q\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb n\u00eb internet, ne po fillojm\u00eb t\u00eb ndjejm\u00eb pasojat e k\u00ebtij ndryshimi n\u00eb jet\u00ebn ton\u00eb. Dikush mund t\u00eb imagjinohet leht\u00ebsisht t\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb t\u00eb blej\u00eb nj\u00eb ekran \u2013 dhe n\u00eb fakt shum\u00eb prej nesh tashm\u00eb e kan\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Dhe mund t\u00eb imagjinohet q\u00eb dikush ka aq shum\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, sa q\u00eb e cil\u00ebson si di\u00e7ka t\u00eb domosdoshme.<\/p>\n

Hapi i madh \u00ebsht\u00eb kur komoditeti b\u00ebhet i detyruesh\u00ebm: kur ne s\u2019mund t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb dot taksat tona, regjistrohemi apo b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb, pa pasur nj\u00eb ekran. Si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehu dikur nj\u00eb njeri i men\u00e7ur: Kush tha klienti ka gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb? Shit\u00ebsi \u2013 askush tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7 shit\u00ebsit.<\/p>\n

Kur kompanit\u00eb e ushqejn\u00eb impulsin ton\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u lidhur dhe mbledhin t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb gjejn\u00eb, ne nuk jemi t\u00eb befasuar. Kur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat kompani trajtohen si nd\u00ebrmarrje publike, duke punuar krah p\u00ebr krah me qeverit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb na lidhur \u2013 ky \u00ebsht\u00eb momenti kur ne duhet t\u00eb habitemi, ose t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Deri tani, zgjedhja p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur Gmail ose Facebook \u00ebsht\u00eb ndjer\u00eb si nj\u00eb zgjedhje. Por pika kur zgjedhja b\u00ebhet detyrim, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u ndar\u00eb. Kur ju keni nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kart\u00eb krediti p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb nj\u00eb kafe, apo t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni nj\u00eb aplikacion p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb ankes\u00eb, ne mezi e v\u00ebrejm\u00eb dallimin. \/Aeon.co\/N\u00eb shqip nga: bota.al<\/p>\n

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