Oliver Burkeman<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto koh\u00eb, bota \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq konfuze politikisht, saq\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e kollajt\u00eb t\u00eb mendosh se politike jan\u00eb edhe arsyet q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Po sikur t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta? Po sikur, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb prej arsyeve t\u00eb val\u00ebs s\u00eb populizmit n\u00eb vitet e fundit \u2013 Trump, Brexit, ngjitja e t\u00eb djatht\u00ebs ekstreme n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb \u2013 t\u00eb jet\u00eb fakti q\u00eb zgjedh\u00ebsit kan\u00eb par\u00eb kaq shum\u00eb televizion \u201cllozhurash\u201d, dhe kjo i ka l\u00ebn\u00eb me mendje f\u00ebmij\u00ebrore? Esht\u00eb e neveritshme qoft\u00eb edhe ta mendosh k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb, duke qen\u00eb se b\u00ebn loj\u00ebn e paragjykimit metropolitan, sipas t\u00eb cilit gjysma tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb m\u00eb budallaqe.<\/p>\n
Por nj\u00eb studim rigoroz dhe i mbushur me shifra, e b\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb hedhjen posht\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ideje. Autor\u00ebt kan\u00eb studiuar p\u00ebrhapjen e kanaleve t\u00eb grupit Mediaset n\u00eb Itali, dhe kan\u00eb zbuluar se, personat t\u00eb cil\u00ebt q\u00eb n\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebri kan\u00eb par\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb filma me kartona, telenovela dhe quize, kan\u00eb 10 p\u00ebrqind m\u00eb shum\u00eb shanse q\u00eb t\u00eb votojn\u00eb p\u00ebr partit\u00eb populiste, p\u00ebr shkak se prej aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb vogla njoh\u00ebse, jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb prirur q\u00eb t\u2019u besojn\u00eb politikan\u00ebve q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb teza thjesht\u00ebsuese.<\/p>\n
Studimi, i botuar n\u00eb American Economic Revie\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebs edhe p\u00ebr teorit\u00eb q\u00eb hedh posht\u00eb. Esht\u00eb e kollajt\u00eb t\u00eb mendosh q\u00eb, duke ditur se Mediaset i p\u00ebrket Silvio Berlusconit \u2013 djali i t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb sot drejtor i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm \u2013 programet e tij jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb propagand\u00ebn e t\u00eb djatht\u00ebs. Por n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e studiuar, n\u00eb rrjetet e tij kishte shum\u00eb pak programe informimi, dhe sidoqoft\u00eb \u201cefekti Mediaset\u201d ka funksionuar edhe n\u00eb favor t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes rivale t\u00eb tij n\u00eb krahun e majt\u00eb, \u201c5 Yjeve\u201d t\u00eb Beppe Grillos: ishte populizmi dhe jo berluskonizmi q\u00eb u stimulua.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje mund\u00ebsish<\/p>\n
Mendoni q\u00eb mes atyre q\u00eb kan\u00eb ndjekur Mediaset dhe partive populiste nuk ka asnj\u00eb lidhje? P\u00ebrhapja graduale gjeografike e sinjalit t\u00eb televizioneve gjat\u00eb viteve tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb i hapi udh\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201ceksperimenti natyror\u201d, q\u00eb e p\u00ebrjashton k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi. T\u00eb vegjlit dhe t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb e zonave ku ishte m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb merrje sinjalin e Mediasetit, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb ndikuar. Pasoja e k\u00ebsaj ishte q\u00eb, personat t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kaluan m\u00eb shum\u00eb koh\u00eb duke par\u00eb programet p\u00ebrfunduan duke patur m\u00eb pak aft\u00ebsi konjitive dhe m\u00eb pak sens qytetar, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se mor\u00ebn rezultate m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqia n\u00eb provat e matematik\u00ebs dhe kuptimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb teksti.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kuptohet se kjo lloj \u201cmpirjeje\u201d nuk ndodh p\u00ebr shkak se televizioni i keq i budallalleps njer\u00ebzit. Esht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje mund\u00ebsish: \u00e7do or\u00eb q\u00eb kalon duke par\u00eb nj\u00eb film vizatimor t\u00eb pavler\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb or\u00eb q\u00eb ia vjedh leximit, eksplorimit t\u00eb bot\u00ebs fizike apo shikimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb programi edukues. E nj\u00ebjta gj\u00eb vlen p\u00ebr videoloj\u00ebrat, rrjetet sociale dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e th\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb \u201cllozhura\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme, mjafton t\u00eb na pengojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb di\u00e7ka m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Kjo m\u00eb sjell n\u00eb mendje teoricienin e medias Neil Postman, i cili thoshte se t\u00eb ardhmen ton\u00eb e parashikoi sakt\u00ebsisht \u201cBota e re\u201d e Aldous Huxley, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sa \u201c1984\u201d-a e George Orwellit: ajo q\u00eb do t\u00eb na shkat\u00ebrronte, do t\u00eb ishte var\u00ebsia jon\u00eb nga k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsit\u00eb e padobishme, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se sa represioni shtet\u00ebror.<\/p>\n
Por ky studim i koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit tregon se kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb dy, duke qen\u00eb se k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb dukje t\u00eb padobishme kontribuojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb na b\u00ebr\u00eb llojin e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb preferojn\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit autoritar\u00eb. Na kujton gjithashtu se nuk duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtojm\u00eb disa shpjegime t\u00eb caktuara, mbi fenomenet politike dhe sociale, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak se na ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb snob-e. Fakti q\u00eb nj\u00eb teori konfirmon at\u00eb q\u00eb e mendojm\u00eb tashm\u00eb nuk e b\u00ebn at\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, por as domosdoshm\u00ebrisht t\u00eb gabuar.<\/p>\n
The Guardian \u2013 Bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Oliver Burkeman K\u00ebto koh\u00eb, bota \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq konfuze politikisht, saq\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e kollajt\u00eb t\u00eb mendosh se politike jan\u00eb edhe arsyet q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Po sikur t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta? Po sikur, p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb prej arsyeve t\u00eb val\u00ebs s\u00eb populizmit n\u00eb vitet e fundit \u2013 Trump, Brexit, ngjitja e t\u00eb djatht\u00ebs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16269,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n