Nga Anthony Medford, James W Vaupel & Kaare Christensen<\/p>\n
Njer\u00ebzit sot po jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa ka pasur ngritje t\u00eb dukshme, jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur vazhdimisht p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb dyfishuar n\u00eb 2 shekujt e fundit. Kjo rritje, \u00ebsht\u00eb diktuar kryesisht nga reduktimi i vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb foshnjore.<\/p>\n
Por q\u00eb nga vitet 1950, faktori kryesor nxit\u00ebs ka qen\u00eb reduktimi i vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb tek moshat m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Suedi, ku t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb jan\u00eb mbledhur q\u00eb nga mesi i shekullit XVI, dhe jan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb cil\u00ebsie shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia maksimale ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb rritje, p\u00ebr thuajse 150 vitet e fundit.<\/p>\n
Rritja e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur edhe n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore, Amerik\u00ebn e Veriut dhe Japonin\u00eb. Kjo ka sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve shum\u00eb t\u00eb moshuar \u2013 ata q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 100, 110 vje\u00e7 apo m\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Mbi 100-vje\u00e7ari i par\u00eb i verifikuar (110 vje\u00e7 e sip\u00ebr) ishte Gert Adrians-Bumgard, q\u00eb vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1899 n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 110 vje\u00e7 e 4 muaj. Q\u00eb nga ajo koh\u00eb, rekordi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb thyer nga t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Gruaja e par\u00eb e verifikuar mbi 100-vje\u00e7are, Margaret Ana Niv, vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1903 n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 110 vje\u00e7e e 10 muaj, dhe e mbajti k\u00ebt\u00eb rekord p\u00ebr gati 23 vjet.<\/p>\n
Delina Filkins vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1928 kur ishte 113 vje\u00e7e e 7 muaj. Ajo e mbajti k\u00ebt\u00eb rekord p\u00ebr pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 52 vjet. Rekordmenia aktuale, sa i p\u00ebrket jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb francezja Zhan Kalment, q\u00eb vdiq m\u00eb 4 gusht 1997, n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 122 vje\u00e7e e 5 muaj. Pavar\u00ebsisht nga rritja gati eksponenciale e numrit t\u00eb mbi 100-vje\u00e7ar\u00ebve q\u00eb nga fillimi i viteve 1970, rekordi i saj mbetet i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, por ajo nuk ka gjasa q\u00eb ta mbaj\u00eb at\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
T`i mbijetosh t\u00eb 100-ave<\/p>\n
Megjith\u00ebse k\u00ebto prirje t\u00eb jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura, ato nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebqena. P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimet e fundit n\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb, pas nj\u00eb periudhe stanjacioni, kan\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb dyshimin se jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia e mbi 100-vje\u00e7ar\u00ebve mund t\u00eb rritet m\u00eb tej. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e ndryshme nga ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur koh\u00ebt e fundit n\u00eb Suedi, ku ka pasur disa ngadal\u00ebsime n\u00eb moshat m\u00eb t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
Ne kemi studiuar 16.931 mbi 100-vje\u00e7ar\u00eb (10.955 suedez\u00eb dhe 5.976 danez\u00eb) t\u00eb lindur nd\u00ebrmjet viteve 1870 dhe 1904 n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb dhe Suedi, vende fqinje me lidhje t\u00eb ngushta kulturore dhe historike, p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00ebse dyshimet tona jan\u00eb t\u00eb sakta.<\/p>\n
Edhe pse Suedia ka n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi norma m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb sesa Danimarka n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e grupmoshave, nuk ka pasur prova p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Suedi gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit. Sidoqoft\u00eb, n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb tek shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarit u vu re se vdisnin n\u00eb moshat m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra, dhe mosha n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mbijetonin vet\u00ebm 6 p\u00ebr qind e 100-vje\u00e7ar\u00ebve, u rrit vazhdimisht gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb studimit.<\/p>\n
Danimarka dhe Suedia jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00ebnyra, por prirjet e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme. Pabarazia, mund t\u00eb vij\u00eb p\u00ebr disa shkaqe, t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr t\u2019u shmangur plot\u00ebsisht. Por ne kemi disa ide.<\/p>\n
Sistemet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore<\/p>\n
S\u00eb pari, ka nivele t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit n\u00eb mesin e dy popullatave t\u00eb moshuara. Studimet e fundit, kan\u00eb treguar p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin e matur nga Aktivitetet e P\u00ebrditshme t\u00eb Jetes\u00ebs (APJ) \u2013 detyrat themelore t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr pasjen e nj\u00eb jete t\u00eb pavarur, si larja apo t\u00eb veshurit \u2013 tek grupet femra t\u00eb 100-vje\u00e7areve n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, n\u00eb Suedi, prirje t\u00eb tilla p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit kan\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb pak optimiste.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb studim zbuloi se nuk kishte p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim n\u00eb APJ, me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsim t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshm\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb njohurive dhe testeve t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs. Dallimi n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja sistemet e kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor, sidomos koh\u00ebt e fundit, mund t\u00eb orientonte n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre drejt shpjegimit t\u00eb ndryshimit. Shpenzimet p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet publike u zvog\u00ebluan n\u00eb Suedi n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve 1990, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb krizash ekonomike.<\/p>\n
U prek edhe kujdesi sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb kujdesin ndaj pacient\u00ebve t\u00eb moshuar, ka pasur nj\u00eb zhvendosje nga spitalet tek azilet e pleqve, dhe nj\u00eb reduktim t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb shtret\u00ebrve n\u00eb azile. Shkurtimet e shpenzimeve, i kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuar disa njer\u00ebz t\u00eb moshuar, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ata q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkasin grupimeve m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta socio-ekonomike.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, t\u00eb dyja vendet kan\u00eb ndjekur rrug\u00eb paksa t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr kujdesin ndaj t\u00eb moshuarve: Suedia ka prirje t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarit, nd\u00ebrsa Danimarka ka nj\u00eb qasje pak m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Disa studime sugjerojn\u00eb, se qasja e Suedis\u00eb ka rezultuar n\u00eb disa pacient\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb kujdes dhe t\u00eb mos e marrin at\u00eb, me pak segmente t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs s\u00eb moshuar q\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten m\u00eb shum\u00eb tek kujdesi familjar, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i nj\u00eb cil\u00ebsie m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
Studimi yn\u00eb krahasues, sugjeron disa gj\u00ebra interesante edhe p\u00ebr kombet e tjera, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht aty ku ka ekonomi n\u00eb zhvillim. K\u00ebto rezultate tregojn\u00eb, se mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb zgjatet m\u00eb tej jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia e njeriut, n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimet n\u00eb sistemin sh\u00ebndesor p\u00ebr moshat shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thyera, dhe n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht i disponuesh\u00ebm nj\u00eb kujdesi i nj\u00eb cil\u00ebsia t\u00eb lart\u00eb ndaj t\u00eb moshuarve. N\u00eb fakt, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet k\u00ebshtu, at\u00ebher\u00eb revolucioni i jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb njer\u00ebzore do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00ebfar\u00eb kohe.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe Conversation\u201d \u2013 Bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nga Anthony Medford, James W Vaupel & Kaare Christensen Njer\u00ebzit sot po jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa ka pasur ngritje t\u00eb dukshme, jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur vazhdimisht p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb dyfishuar n\u00eb 2 shekujt e fundit. Kjo rritje, \u00ebsht\u00eb diktuar kryesisht nga reduktimi i vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb foshnjore. Por q\u00eb nga vitet 1950, faktori kryesor […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,21],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n