{"id":10823,"date":"2019-05-04T17:23:31","date_gmt":"2019-05-04T15:23:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=10823"},"modified":"2019-05-04T17:23:45","modified_gmt":"2019-05-04T15:23:45","slug":"mehdi-frasheri-na-rrefen-per-reformat-qemaliste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=10823","title":{"rendered":"Mehdi Frash\u00ebri na rr\u00ebfen p\u00ebr Reformat Qemaliste"},"content":{"rendered":"

Reformat e reja t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb kemaliste<\/strong><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb nga viti 1922, n\u00eb Turqin\u00eb e famshme q\u00eb ish destinuar p\u00ebr vdekje nga shkaku i mosp\u00ebrparimit n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e qytet\u00ebrimit evropian, me habi shohim nj\u00eb zhvillim p\u00ebrparimi, i cili duhet t\u00eb na interesoj\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e par\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se me turqit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb kemi pasur nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt politike, po edhe p\u00ebr arsye se shqiptar\u00ebt, me nj\u00eb shumic\u00eb t\u00eb madhe kishin pranuar fen\u00eb muhamedane e prandaj ky bashkim ekzistonte n\u00eb mend\u00ebsi dhe gjer n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb jet\u00ebn shoq\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Po ta v\u00ebm\u00eb re k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrparim t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, shohim se shfaqet me disa faza t\u00eb vazhdueshme. Faza e sotme na paraqet kat\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje:<\/p>\n

1 \u2013 Ndalimi i muzik\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare dhe z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i saj me muzik\u00ebn evropiane.<\/p>\n

2 \u2013 Akordimi i t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb zgjedhjes, grave;<\/p>\n

3 \u2013 Ndalimi i mbajtjes s\u00eb petkave fetare jasht\u00eb faltoreve;<\/p>\n

4 \u2013 Thjesht\u00ebsimi i gjuh\u00ebs duke e transformuar k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn krejt turqishte.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz dhe sidomos ato mend\u00ebsi q\u00eb nuk e kan\u00eb studiuar thell\u00ebsisht qytet\u00ebrimin evropian n\u00eb burimet, n\u00eb shfaqjet e ndryshme t\u00eb tij dhe n\u00eb historin\u00eb e vazhdueshme, k\u00ebto kat\u00ebr reforma t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb s\u00eb re mbase do t\u2019i gjejn\u00eb t\u00eb palogjikshme. Po njeriu po t\u00eb mendohet seriozisht, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb i gjen krejt t\u00eb logjikshme por edhe t\u00eb nevojshme e t\u00eb dobishme. Prandaj e shohim t\u00eb udh\u00ebs q\u00eb k\u00ebto kat\u00ebr reforma t\u2019i studiojm\u00eb nj\u00eb nga nj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

MUZIKA. \u2013 Si b\u00ebhet q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalohet muzika komb\u00ebtare dhe t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet me nj\u00eb muzik\u00eb t\u00eb huaj? Problemi, faqeza duket i \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm. Por po ta thellojm\u00eb me mend\u00ebsi reformatori, reforma e b\u00ebr\u00eb duket krejt e natyrshme.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga ndryshimet kryesore t\u00eb vendeve orientale e myslimane me vendet evropiane \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe muzika. Sipas mendimit t\u00eb fanatik\u00ebve,\u00a0lehv-\u00fc luap<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 dometh\u00ebn\u00eb lodra e muzika lypset t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb ndaluara. Prandaj nd\u00ebr qytete orientale e myslimane mjesht\u00ebria e holl\u00eb e muzik\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebn e evgjit\u00ebve, si nj\u00eb zanat i posht\u00ebr, kurse n\u00eb realitet \u00ebsht\u00eb arti m\u00eb fisnik p\u00ebr shpirtin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb njeriut. Porsi zeja e hekurit, i cilin formon themelin e qytet\u00ebrimit, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebn e magjyp\u00ebve me emrin \u201ckova\u00e7\u201d.<\/p>\n

Muzika \u00ebsht\u00eb aq gj\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr lart\u00ebsimin e shpirtit t\u00eb njeriut, sa q\u00eb me gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto pengime, prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb ekziston n\u00eb \u00e7do vend nj\u00ebfar\u00eb muzike komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Me k\u00ebt\u00eb ndryshim, q\u00eb n\u00eb vende orientale dhe myslimane muzika \u00ebsht\u00eb monotone e melankolike. Monotone sepse n\u00eb ato vende qytet\u00ebrimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar, shpirti muzikor i njeriut nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i st\u00ebrvitur, e prandaj ndjenja muzikore si gjith\u00eb fazat e qytet\u00ebrimit, ka mbetur krejt primitive. \u00cbsht\u00eb melankolike sepse popujt q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet\u00ebrim t\u00eb till\u00eb nuk shohin lumturi kurr\u00eb. Atje ku s\u2019ka lumturi, mbizot\u00ebron fatkeq\u00ebsia. Kjo sjell melankolin\u00eb e njeriut q\u00eb qan hallet e tij me nj\u00eb muzik\u00eb monotone dhe melankolike.<\/p>\n

Ndryshimi i k\u00ebsaj muzike p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e k\u00ebtij brezi me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi. Por p\u00ebr brezin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u edukuar ndryshe, do t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00eb der\u00ebn e nj\u00eb d\u00ebfrimi shpirt\u00ebnor shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb e t\u00eb ndryshuesh\u00ebm. Bie fjala, ne kur d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb \u201clap\u00e7e\u201d ose \u201ctoske\u201d na b\u00ebn nj\u00ebfar\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypjeje, sepse na sjell nd\u00ebrmend jet\u00ebn e kaluar kur ato lloj k\u00ebng\u00ebsh ishin n\u00eb rendin e dit\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr ne jan\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuara me jet\u00ebn e shkuar t\u00eb djal\u00ebris\u00eb, kujtimi i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs na sjell nj\u00eb ngash\u00ebrim n\u00eb zem\u00ebr. Po n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se djemt\u00eb tan\u00eb kan\u00eb vajtur e jan\u00eb edukuar n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, ato lloj k\u00ebng\u00ebsh jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb nuk u b\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje shpirt\u00ebnore, por edhe u duken t\u00eb m\u00ebrzitshme. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb se p\u00ebrshtypja q\u00eb ndiejm\u00eb nga ato k\u00ebng\u00eb nuk vjen vetvetiu nga muzika, por nga kujtimet me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ajo muzik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar. Kurse p\u00ebr muzik\u00ebn evropiane, \u00ebsht\u00eb e kund\u00ebrta. Ajo na ushqen dhe na prek shpirtin p\u00ebr shkak se ka dal\u00eb nga nj\u00eb shpirt me ndjenja t\u00eb holla, fisnike dhe t\u00eb larta. Bie fjala, nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb Bern\u00eb t\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb kafe-koncert kam d\u00ebgjuar nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb muzikore me ngjyr\u00eb mistike, po q\u00eb shpirtin aq e trondiste sa q\u00eb njeriu kujtonte se \u00ebsht\u00eb transportuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sfer\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb shpirtrash, ku gjente prehjen hyjnore. Pjesa ishte e nj\u00eb gjermani, i cili n\u00eb agimin e dit\u00ebs kishte shkuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kish\u00eb madh\u00ebshtore ku d\u00ebgjonte organon e kish\u00ebs duke qen\u00eb i prekur nga vdekja e vajz\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Agimi i m\u00ebngjesit, madh\u00ebshtia e kish\u00ebs, ngacmimi shpirt\u00ebnor i organos n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mistike i zgjuan dashurin\u00eb at\u00ebrore p\u00ebr vajz\u00ebn e vdekur dhe duke qen\u00eb i dehur nga mall\u00ebngjimi hirsh\u00ebm i doli nga goja nj\u00eb ritm\u00eb zanore, e cila ishte baza e asaj pjese. Nj\u00eb muzik\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb kushdo q\u00eb ta d\u00ebgjoj\u00eb, i b\u00ebn nj\u00eb efekt.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemali q\u00eb do ta evropianizoj\u00eb popullin turk, ka vendosur q\u00eb ta pajis\u00eb jo me muzik\u00ebn e magjyp\u00ebve, por me muzik\u00ebn e holl\u00eb dhe t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb popujve t\u00eb qytet\u00ebruar. Nj\u00eb muzik\u00eb e k\u00ebtill\u00eb, me durim e me q\u00ebndres\u00eb, dal\u00ebngadal\u00eb do t\u00eb z\u00ebr\u00eb vendin e muzik\u00ebs monotone.<\/p>\n

Pa dyshim se do t\u00eb ndodhen njer\u00ebz t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb thon\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb reformohet muzika komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalohet. Por popujt q\u00eb kan\u00eb mbetur pas, nuk kan\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mundohen t\u00eb rrisin nj\u00eb gj\u00eb q\u00eb ka mbetur k\u00ebrthi, kur ndodhet rreth e p\u00ebrqark nj\u00eb muzik\u00eb e p\u00ebrparuar dhe e gatitur.<\/p>\n

E DREJTA E GRAVE. \u2013 N\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr t\u00eb\u00a0sheriatit<\/em>, gruaja \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar me k\u00ebto dy fjal\u00eb:\u00a0mal\u00fcn mut\u2019at\u00fcn<\/em>, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb\u00a0nj\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00eb nga e cila p\u00ebrfitohet<\/em>. Me tjet\u00ebr fjal\u00eb, si nj\u00eb stof\u00eb. Njeriu kur \u00ebsht\u00eb i begatsh\u00ebm n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb stofe blen shum\u00eb kumashe. Dhe kur i vjetrohet nj\u00ebra, e hedh posht\u00eb dhe merr nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb se burri \u00ebsht\u00eb njeri dhe gruaja nj\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos ta vjedhur njeri, lypset q\u00eb ta burgosim n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe kur del jasht\u00eb, t\u00eb mbulohet sa t\u00eb mos ia shohin fytyr\u00ebn nga frika se mos ia b\u00ebj\u00eb me sy njeri. Kjo pla\u00e7k\u00eb me dy k\u00ebmb\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0xhaiz<\/em>\u00a0q\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj\u00eb, nga frika se mos shkruaj\u00eb letra dashurie. Me tjet\u00ebr fjal\u00eb, t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb kafsh\u00eb e pagdhendur.<\/p>\n

F\u00ebmija q\u00eb lind nga kjo kafsh\u00eb dhe q\u00eb rritet n\u00eb prehrin e saj, nuk b\u00ebhet tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb kafsh\u00eb. Kur truri i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb i njom\u00eb dhe i aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb \u00e7do form\u00eb ushtrimi, ndodhet n\u00eb prehrin e s\u00eb \u00ebm\u00ebs injorante, e cila p\u00ebrve\u00e7 p\u00ebrrallave, supersticioneve dhe zakoneve t\u00eb k\u00ebqija, frik\u00ebrave t\u00eb ku\u00e7edrave e t\u00eb xhindeve, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e zonja q\u00eb t\u2019i jap\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ndjenj\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri njer\u00ebzore q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, gjithmon\u00eb jeton keq, n\u00eb varf\u00ebri e n\u00eb mjerim, pa k\u00ebnaqur as d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs as ndjenj\u00ebn e bukuris\u00eb, as nevoj\u00ebn e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb. Kurse idealet e njeriut jan\u00eb:\u00a0e v\u00ebrteta<\/em>,\u00a0e bukura dhe e drejta.<\/em><\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemali me shok\u00ebt e tij i ka kuptuar thell\u00ebsisht k\u00ebto t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta dhe p\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00eb grisi\u00a0pe\u00e7en\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0dhe\u00a0\u00e7ar\u00e7afin<\/em>, theu\u00a0kafazet<\/em>, liroi gruan, ndaloi poligamin\u00eb dhe shkuror\u00ebzimin arbitrar, tani k\u00ebrkon t\u2019i jap\u00eb gruas edhe t\u00eb drejt\u00eb vote. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, gruaja e liruar dhe e lart\u00ebsuar do t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb edhe n\u00eb jet\u00ebn politike t\u00eb kombit. Sot p\u00ebr sot n\u00eb Turqi ka gra gjyqtare, avokate, tregtare dhe profesioniste. Dhe nd\u00ebr ne, q\u00eb pretendonim se jemi rac\u00eb evropiane dhe me t\u2019u ndar\u00eb nga Turqia do t\u00eb b\u00ebheshim evropian\u00eb me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme, grat\u00eb i lem\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebtisin mbuluar n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e kryeqytetit me nj\u00eb\u00a0ferexhe<\/em>\u00a0me nj\u00ebqind arna, k\u00ebmb\u00ebzbathur dhe me nj\u00eb sy, model p\u00ebr nj\u00eb karnaval evropian.<\/p>\n

NDALIMI I PETKAVE FETARE. \u2013 N\u00eb Turqin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, gjer m\u00eb 1839, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb data e Tanzimatit, askush nuk ishte i sigurt nga jeta e tij, nga liria e tij dhe nga pasuria e tij. Shumica e\u00a0sadrazem\u00ebve<\/em>\u00a0dhe e pashallar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, pasi zhvishnin bot\u00ebn sa ishin n\u00eb fuqi, jeta e tyre gjente fund me t\u00eb prerit e kryeve e me konfiskimin e pasuris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre. Kjo m\u00ebnyr\u00eb veprimi p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e m\u00ebdhenj aq ishte p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur, sa q\u00eb \u00e7do vezir, \u00e7do pasha, nga frika se mos i presin kryet dhe mos i konfiskojn\u00eb pasurin\u00eb, q\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjall\u00eb pasurin\u00eb e tij e b\u00ebnte\u00a0vak\u00ebf<\/em>\u00a0dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e destinonte p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tij, me kondit\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos ta shisnin. Pjesa q\u00eb lihej\u00a0vak\u00ebf<\/em>\u00a0m\u00eb t\u00eb shumtat her\u00eb destinohej p\u00ebr xhami, medrese, teqe dhe imaret. N\u00eb Turqi themelimet k\u00ebsi llojesh ishin aq t\u00eb shumta, sa t\u00ebrhiqnin v\u00ebrejtjen e \u00e7do t\u00eb huaji. Sulltan\u00ebt p\u00ebr ta mb\u00ebshtetur despotizmin e tyre mbi njer\u00ebzit e fes\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit q\u00eb vazhdonin n\u00ebp\u00ebr medrese e n\u00ebp\u00ebr teqe dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin n\u00ebp\u00ebr xhami, i kishin p\u00ebrjashtuar nga sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak. N\u00eb koh\u00ebt e fundit, puna kishte ardhur gjer n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr qytetet myslimane sar\u00ebkllinjt\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb nga civil\u00ebt. Njeriu m\u00eb \u00e7do k\u00ebnd do t\u00eb shihte nj\u00eb xhami, ose nj\u00eb medrese, ose nj\u00eb teqe. Shkalla e dituris\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz ishte dituria fetare, se ajo t\u00eb shpinte edhe n\u00eb parajs\u00ebn qiellore. Kjo situat\u00eb i ngjasonte gjendjes s\u00eb rabin\u00ebve \u00e7ifut\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebrat e vjetra: dituria e tyre ishte\u00a0Teurati\u00a0<\/em>dhe\u00a0Zeburi<\/em>. K\u00ebshtu edhe p\u00ebr hoxhallar\u00ebt e dervish\u00ebt, shkalla m\u00eb e lart\u00eb e m\u00ebsimit ishte\u00a0Kurani\u00a0<\/em>dhe\u00a0hadithi.<\/em>\u00a0K\u00ebta njer\u00ebz p\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00eb ishin injorant\u00eb vet\u00eb, po p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur fuqin\u00eb e tyre midis popullit me predikimin e tyre ndalonin diturin\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb edhe p\u00ebrhapjen e qytet\u00ebrimit evropian midis islam\u00ebve. Shkaku kryesor i dekadenc\u00ebs s\u00eb shteteve myslimane kan\u00eb qen\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz. Mustafa Kemali p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar Turqin\u00eb nga kjo gangren\u00eb hoqi shpat\u00ebn e Damokleut me t\u00eb cilin i ra kalifatit, shejhul\u2019islamit dhe sheriatit, suprimoi kadiler\u00ebt, mbylli medreset\u00eb dhe teqet\u00eb, edhe la vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb zgjedhur prej hoxhallar\u00ebve, t\u00eb mjaftueshme sa p\u00ebr funksionet e domosdoshme t\u00eb fes\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Dervish\u00ebt dhe hoxhallar\u00ebt, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 injoranc\u00ebs ishin dhe parazit\u00eb q\u00eb jetonin mbi kurriz t\u00eb popullit edhe p\u00ebrhapnin p\u00ebrtes\u00ebn. Mustafa Kemali p\u00ebr t\u00eb humbur kujtimin e vajtuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebtij rangu njer\u00ebzish, tani n\u00eb fund vendosi q\u00eb kleri i lejuar t\u00eb mos e mbaj\u00eb rrob\u00ebn fetare p\u00ebrve\u00e7se n\u00eb faltore.<\/p>\n

Kjo klas\u00eb edhe nd\u00ebr ne ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb reform\u00eb, shum\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb: askush pa mbaruar pak s\u00eb paku nj\u00eb lice ose nj\u00eb medrese n\u00eb at\u00eb shkall\u00eb, t\u00eb mos lejohet q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet hoxh\u00eb. Dhe pa mbaruar nj\u00eb fakultet universiteti, t\u00eb mos lejohet q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet myfti\u2026 Nj\u00eb reform\u00eb e till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme, se p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb prij\u00ebs i popullit njeriu ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb kulture t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kjo rregull duhet t\u00eb zbatohet edhe p\u00ebr dervish\u00ebt, shehler\u00ebt dhe baballar\u00ebt e \u00e7do sekti. Nj\u00eb mas\u00eb e till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme edhe p\u00ebr respektin e fetar\u00ebve\u2026<\/p>\n

TURQIZIMI I GJUH\u00cbS. \u2013 Turqit kur erdh\u00ebn p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb nga bjeshk\u00ebt e Azis\u00eb qendrore, ishin njer\u00ebz t\u00eb eg\u00ebr, si kombet barbare q\u00eb pushtuan Evrop\u00ebn, nga shekulli i 5-t\u00eb gjer te i 11-ti. Turqit e tartar\u00ebt duke ardhur n\u00eb Persi, n\u00eb Mesopotami dhe n\u00eb Azin\u00eb e Vog\u00ebl, gjet\u00ebn qytet\u00ebrimin mysliman t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur prej arab\u00ebve. Barbari me forc\u00ebn brutale i mund e i pushton popujt e qytet\u00ebruar, po vet\u00eb, sado q\u00eb fitues, i shtrohet qytet\u00ebrimit t\u00eb vendeve q\u00eb pushton. Turqit e tartar\u00ebt kishin gjuh\u00ebn e tyre. Por pasi pranuan qytet\u00ebrimin mysliman, filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin arabishten e persishten. K\u00ebto dy gjuh\u00eb ishin gjuh\u00ebt klasike t\u00eb Orientit, si latinishtja dhe greqishtja n\u00eb per\u00ebndim. Turqit osmanllinj kur formuan perandorin\u00eb e tyre, shum\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb dokumente zyrtare p\u00ebrdornin t\u00eb tri gjuh\u00ebt: arabishten, persishten dhe turqishten. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, arabishtja dhe persishtja u hoq\u00ebn nga gjuha zyrtare, por turqishtja q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej ishte e mbytur me fjal\u00eb arabishte e persishte. Bile pjesa intelektuale p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar zot\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj, m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se objektit i jepte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve arabishte e persishte, aq sa veprat e shkruara para shkrimtarit\u00a0Shinasi<\/em>\u00a0nuk mund t\u00eb merren vesh pa pasur dy fjalor\u00eb, arabishteje e persishteje pran\u00eb. I pari\u00a0Shinasiu<\/em>, pastaj\u00a0Namik Kemali<\/em>\u00a0e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsojn\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kuptimit e jo p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve t\u00eb huaja e t\u00eb tep\u00ebrta. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, gjuha turqishte q\u00eb quhej\u00a0osmanlli<\/em>\u00a0n\u00eb realitet p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej prej tri gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb paasimiluara. Dhe meqen\u00ebse alfabeti arab nuk kishte shkronja zanore, ortografia ishte tep\u00ebr e zorshme e prandaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebnduar nj\u00eb tekst, nj\u00eb fraz\u00eb ose nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb, pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari duhej t\u2019i dihej kuptimi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Bashkimi i fjal\u00ebve nga gjuh\u00ebt e ndryshme ishte i pakufizuar, si dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i fjal\u00ebve. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb m\u00ebsimi i gjuh\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte vegla e m\u00ebsimit, b\u00ebhej tep\u00ebr i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemali n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi osmanlli vendosi q\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb formoj\u00eb kombin turk. Dhe si p\u00ebrfundimi i k\u00ebtij parimi, u pa nevoja q\u00eb gjuha osmanlli t\u00eb transformohet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare turke duke u pastruar nga fjal\u00ebt e huaja dhe duke u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar k\u00ebto fjal\u00eb, m\u00eb fjal\u00eb thjesht turqishte. Me tjet\u00ebr fjal\u00eb, kemalist\u00ebt p\u00ebr kombin turk t\u00eb ringjallur, po ringjallin edhe gjuh\u00ebn e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb turke, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dialekti\u00a0\u00e7agataj<\/em>. Nj\u00eb reform\u00eb e till\u00eb, n\u00eb fillim ka disa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi. Por si p\u00ebrfundim do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb shum\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr popullin turk. Gjuha nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se kall\u00ebpi i mendimit. Kur zhvillohet mendimi, i gjendet edhe kall\u00ebpi. \u00c7do gjuh\u00eb ka brumin e vet, normat gramatikore dhe sintaksore t\u00eb vetat, dhe duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb k\u00ebto norma \u00e7do gjuh\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebhet e aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shprehur \u00e7dofar\u00eb mendimi\u2026<\/p>\n

Pranimi i alfabetit latin q\u00eb parakaloi k\u00ebt\u00eb reform\u00eb, me shkronjat zanore t\u00eb saj leht\u00ebsoi dhe ortografin\u00eb q\u00eb ishte kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn osmanlli t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme.<\/p>\n

Reformat e Turqis\u00eb s\u00eb re dhe p\u00ebrparimi i saj n\u00eb baza evropiane, formon nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb t\u00ebrthort\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr popujt e tjer\u00eb mysliman\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019kan\u00eb dal\u00eb akoma nga ngjira e mo\u00e7aleve\u2026<\/p>\n

\n

Minerva<\/em>, Vjeti III \u2013 N. 27 31 janar 1935<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebnim:<\/strong>\u00a0k\u00ebt\u00eb material e p\u00ebrgatiti dhe e solli p\u00ebr botim\u00a0Edion Petriti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reformat e reja t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb kemaliste Q\u00eb nga viti 1922, n\u00eb Turqin\u00eb e famshme q\u00eb ish destinuar p\u00ebr vdekje nga shkaku i mosp\u00ebrparimit n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e qytet\u00ebrimit evropian, me habi shohim nj\u00eb zhvillim p\u00ebrparimi, i cili duhet t\u00eb na interesoj\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e par\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se me turqit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb kemi pasur nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,10,4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMehdi Frash\u00ebri na rr\u00ebfen p\u00ebr Reformat Qemaliste - Informohu qart\u00ebsisht!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/redaktori.com\/?p=10823\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mehdi Frash\u00ebri na rr\u00ebfen p\u00ebr Reformat Qemaliste - 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